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\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid4923298 NOTES
\par }{\insrsid5309234 (version 1a)
\par 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 
HERTFORDSHIRE. In red, across the top of the page, spread above both columns: }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Herfordscire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  on}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 folios 132-136, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Hertfordscire}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298  on}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 folios 137-142 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid1200278 
\par }\pard \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 {\insrsid4923298 B1\tab HERTFORD.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  See also 23,4 Amwell note (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 B2\tab DUES. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Consuetudo}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 normally translated 'customary dues'; in the borough}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
sections 'customary' is here omitted, to avoid excessive repetition; so B 2-4;6-10 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 B5\tab 
EUDO [* THE STEWARD *]. Eudo had a tenant Humphrey (31,1;8) and no other Eudo held in the county so this almost certainly the steward (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 B6\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL LEOFWIN. See 5,10 Leofwin note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 B8\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 B11\tab BOROUGH TOWN. The }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 burgus }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('borough') was in origin a garrisoned fortress. Hertford was fortified by Edward the Elder in 912, as a base of operations against the Danes of Bedford, Huntingdon and Cambridge, and its first }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 burgenses }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('burgesses') were its garrison. The }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 suburbium }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (here
 translated 'borough town'), is a word rare enough to be misconceived in the Berkhamsted entry (15,1), and was probably intended to comprise the whole population, including those who lived without the walls, and those who did not have burgess rights and s
tatus. Elsewhere in Hertfordshire, Domesday burgesses were resident at Berkhamsted, which may or may not have been fortified before 1066, and also at Ashwell (9,10), which was still described as a }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 burgus}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 and at Stanstead (25,2) where they paid local dues. 
Both places were strategically sited for the initiation of Edward's campaign and may have originated as subsidiary fortresses of the army of Hertford. It is theoretically possible that the 46 burgesses of St Albans (10,5) were not residents, but Londoners
, like those of Staines (MDX 4,5), who lived at }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Staeningehaga withinne Lundne }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (possibly around Staining Lane), whom Edward the Confessor granted to Westminster's manor of Staines: Kemble, }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Codex Diplomaticus}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , no. 855 [= Sawyer, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Anglo-Saxon Charters}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , no. 1142
). But the St Albans burgesses, who held half a hide there, were probably resident; and the town is located in the middle of 'Danish' Hundred (see 5,2 'Danish' note). At Berkhamsted the burgesses had the right to levy tolls, and tolls are otherwise named 
in Hertfordshire only at the Borough of Ashwell and at St Albans. In Hertfordshire, as in other counties, markets were located in the boroughs, their profits and tolls assigned to}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
the burgesses. St Alban's Abbey acquired Kingsbury about 1000; see }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 90 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab \'a37 10s. Domesday uses the old English currency system, which endured for a thousand years until 1971. The pound contained 20 shillings, each of 12 pence, and the abbreviations \'a3 s d preserved the Domesday terms }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 librae}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 solidi}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  and }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 denarii}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 L 11\tab [ABBOT OF RAMSEY]. Omitted from the List of Landholders. Chapters 12-42 are misnumbered 11-41 in the List of Landholders, but chapters 42-44 are numbered in the text as in the Li
st, so that two chapters are numbered 42 in the text. The second of these is therefore given in the translation of the List as 42[a] (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 1,1\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 1,2\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 1,3\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 1,4\tab WAIN. See }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 
Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 14; the name survives in Wain Wood. See also 7,4 Welwyn note [and 34,7 William note].}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 

\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 1,5\tab WESTONING.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  In Bedfordshire; }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 -ing }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 is a later suffix; see }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Bedfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 141 (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 

\par }{\insrsid4923298 1,6\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab CARTAGE AND ESCORT. Latin }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 avera}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 provision of a cart with a mule or other animal; }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 inward}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 of
 a horse and rider; originally 'when the king came into the shire'. These obligations are virtually confined to Cambridgeshire, and Hertfordshire}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
(there chiefly to Hitchin and the king's Freemen). They were commonly commuted, for 4d in Hertfordshire, 8d in Cambridgeshire. In Hertfordshire 1 }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 avera }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 was normally paid on 1 hide (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 

\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab 
ESGER [* THE CONSTABLE *]'S WOMAN. See also 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 1,7\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 1,8\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 1,9\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 1,10\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 1,11\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab ILBERT OF HERTFORD.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
 See 34,13 Hertford note (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 1,12\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab LILLEY
. Previously also held by Leofeva, later by Geoffrey of Bec (34,12) (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 1,13\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 1,14\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 1,15\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 1,16\tab EARL ALGAR. See 37,19 Algar note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 1,19\tab \'a386. Latin }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 quater xx}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 .}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  lib' et vi}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 . It is possible that }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 sol' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 has been omitted after }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 vi}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
, which would give an alternative reading of \'a380 6s (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 2,1\tab 
ANSKETIL [* OF ROTS *]. Archdeacon of Rochester and tenant of the Bishop of Bayeux: Keats-Rohan, Domesday People, pp. 153-54 (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 2,2\tab ANSKETIL [* OF ROTS *]. See 2,1 Ansketil note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 2,3\tab ANSKETIL [* OF ROTS *]. See 2,1 Ansketil note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 2,5\tab ANSKETIL [* OF ROTS *]. See 2,1 Ansketil note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 4,1\tab BISHOP WILLIAM}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
. Bishop of London 1051-1075 (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 4,2\tab [MUCH] HADHAM.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  Probably Much Hadham, where the }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 dominium }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 of the bishopric's manor was perhaps centred on the large moated site still termed 'The}{\insrsid4923298 
 }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Lordship', at TL429199, immediately north of the palace and the church (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 4,5\tab RODHERE. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Roderius }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 is probably distinct from }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Rodericus }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (SUF 26,1) (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 4,7\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 4,8\tab 
LEVERAGE. Its common is now divided by the Widford/Much Hadham}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 parish boundary. The smaller portion is named Leverage (centred on TL436156), in Much Hadham (Parish Map of 1833, Hertfordshire Record}{\insrsid4923298 
 }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Office), but Great Levenage in Widford, to which it is joined by Levenage}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Lane, with Levenage Spring nearby (Tithe Map of 1839; Mingers Farm map}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
of 1759). Interchange of 'n' and 'r' is normal; see }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Introduction to the Survey of English Place-Names}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , i. p. 106). Since the place had little meadow, its lands probably lay either in or about}{\insrsid4923298 
 t}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 he modern common, or else in the cultivated area around the moated site of}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Mingers Farm (TL4316). Since Leofwara could sell the \'bd hide, but not the}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
whole hide, the distinction between 'Great' and 'Little' may date back to}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 the eleventh century. The modern spelling is a normal derivation from the Domesday form, the }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 wick }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('specialised farmstead') of }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Leware}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 . Though she evidently named the place, she was not necessarily its first founder. Lever Mead (with Lever}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
Wood) in the north of the parish is a strip of land by a brook, probably }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 laefer}{\insrsid4923298  }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 maed }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('rush-grown meadow'); not connected with Leverage. The editor is}{
\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 indebted to Mr Peter Walne, Hertfordshire County Archivist, to Mr James}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
Fox of the Ordnance Survey, and to Mr John McN Dodgson of the English Place-Name Society for help in locating this place (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 4,9\tab EARL ALGAR. See 37,19 Algar note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab KING'S JURISDICTION. It is sometimes unclear whether }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 de soca regis }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 refers to}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 people (see 4,16 jurisdiction note) or to land; here probably to land (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab 2d. TO THE SHERIFF. Evidently for half an }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 avera }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (1,6 cartage note) on \'bd hide(JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 4,10\tab EARL ALGAR. See 37,19 Algar note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 4,11\tab SIWARD.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  Farley misprints }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Siuurad' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 for the manuscript's }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Siuuard' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (JRM).}{\i\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 4,12\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 4,13\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 4,14\tab ESKIL OF WARE. See 25,2 Eskil note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab GODWIN [* OF *] BENFIELD.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
 Of Benfield (Bentfield) in Stansted Mountfichet in}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Essex, TL5025, one mile north of the county boundary, 2 \'bd miles east}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 of Stocking Pelham parish (JRM).}{
\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 4,15\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 4,16\tab ESKIL OF WARE. See 25,2 Eskil note (JP)}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab KING EDWARD'S JURISDICTION. Latin }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 de soca regis }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 here probably refers to people,}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 rather than to land, as in 4,9 (see 4,9 jurisdiction note); also 5,9;11 etc (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 4,20\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 4,21\tab [LITTLE] HADHAM.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  See 8,3 (JRM).}{
\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 4,22\tab EDEVA THE FAIR. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 4,23\tab RODHERE. See 4,5 Rodhere note (JRM).}{
\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab GODGYTH <OF THORLEY>. Note to be supplied (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 4,25\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EDEVA THE FAIR. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 5,1\tab TRING HUNDRED. The Domesday forms }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Tredunga}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  Treunga }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 suggest that the origin}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
might be a 'third', a Scandinavian 'thriding', as in the three Ridings of Yorkshire (}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 25); if so, the place took its name from the hundred, the reverse of normal practice.
 The hundred is in fact one of three which are probably divisions of an earlier whole; see 5,2 'Danish' note and 5,3 St Albans note. But the dominant twelfth century spellings are variants of }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Trehangra}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ;}{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 which seems the more probable origin, meaning 'tree-slope' (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL LEOFWIN. See 5,10 Leofwin note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 5,2\tab IN 'DANISH' HUNDRED. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
'DANISH' HUNDRED. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Daneis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 'Danish' in Domesday; The later name 'Dacorum' ('of the Danes') is}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
the product of twelfth century literary affectation, which allotted classical names to later barbarians, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Getae }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 to the Goths, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Daci }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
to the Danes, etc. There is no record of Danish rule in the area, and Scandinavian settlement names are rare. The name, however, implies Danish control at some period, perhaps about the years 890/910, which m
ay have occasioned the possible fortification of St Albans (B11 town note). 'Danish' Hundred later absorbed Tring Hundred, but was already split into separated portions by St Albans (later Cashio) Hundred (5,3 St Albans note), probably a recent formation.
 Twelfth century tradition (for example Roger of Wendover, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Chronicle}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
, (of 1178) and related texts) remembered that in 'ancient times' the folk used to meet at the 'Standard Hills' in Redbourn, by description, Roman barrows with early seventh century seconda
ry pagan English burials. Redbourn may have been the original meeting place, and the name, of the hundred, before the intervention of the Danes and the creation of 'Danish' later called Dacorum hundred (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ADAM [* SON OF HUBERT *]. Probably the magnate Adam son of Hubert, brother of Eudo, the king's steward (JRM).
\par \tab \tab A major tenant of the Bishop of Bayeux, brother of Eudo the steward, and one of the wealthiest post-Conquest landowners despite holding nothing directly from the Crown. Apart from two holdin
gs in Kent, all his estates were held from the Bishop which makes it possible to identify him with some confidence, particularly in view of the infrequency of the name elsewhere than on the fief of the Bishop of Bayeux. See Keats-Rohan, }{
\i\insrsid4923298 Domesday People}{\insrsid4923298 , p. 123 (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 5,3\tab ST ALBAN'S HUNDRED. [Later Cashio Hundred.] Called 'Albanstow', St Albans Hundred, in the eleventh and}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
twelfth centuries; elsewhere almost entirely confined to St Albans' holdings. These however are given in separate northern and southern li
sts, with holdings in the other hundreds listed between them. This order suggests that the southern holdings (10,15-17) were newly added to an ecclesiastical hundred, separating portions of 'Danish' Hundred, which was itself recently formed and still expa
nding. Expansion continued, and St Albans' holdings all over Hertfordshire were later detached from their geographical hundreds and annexed to Cashio Hundred (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab ADAM [* SON OF HUBERT *]. See 5,2 Adam note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 5,4\tab ADAM [* SON OF HUBERT *]. See 5,2 Adam note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ALNOTH [* GRUTT *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 5,5\tab ADAM [* SON OF HUBERT *]. See 5,2 Adam note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 5,6\tab ADAM [* SON OF HUBERT *]. See 5,2 Adam note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 5,7\tab ALNOTH [* GRUTT *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 5,9\tab EARL LEOFWIN. See 5,10 Leofwin note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab KING EDWARD'S }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 JURISDICTION. Or }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 terram}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ...}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 de soca regis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ;}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 see 4,16 jurisdiction note (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 5,10\tab 
[* EARL *] LEOFWIN. The name Leofwin is so common that it is an almost hopeless task to identify the earl of that name if the scribe has omitted his title. Even in the Sussex heartland of the Godwinson family where Leofwins are suspiciously thick on the g
round, there are few cases where a reasonably secure identification can be suggested. It is likely, for instance, that most if not all of the substantial manors held by a Leofwin in the county (}{\insrsid4540836 SUS }{\insrsid4923298 
11,21;68. 12,40. 13,20;38;43) had belonged to the earl; but which of them is guesswork. Only in the case of Worthing and Sompting (}{\insrsid4540836 SUS }{\insrsid4923298 
13,35-40), where the interdependence of holdings and the coincidence of the names of Earl Godwin, Leofwin and Tosti suggest a family holding, has an identification been accepted as
 reasonably secure. Outside the county, it is probable that the Leofwins at Islington (MDX 11,2) and Libury (5,10) were the earl since no other Leofwin was a lord of men in Middlesex and other men held from the earl in Libury. It is also likely that it wa
s
 the earl who held the substantial manor of Rampisham in Dorset (DOR 4,1) since this devolved upon the Bishop of Bayeux who succeeded Earl Leofwin in several other counties. Finally, Count Eustace of Boulogne probably acquired his very valuable manors of 
Stanford and Laver (ESS 20,43;45) from the earl, these being by a very considerable margin the most valuable manors held by a Leofwin in Essex. See also Clarke, }{\i\insrsid4923298 English Nobility}{\insrsid4923298 
, pp. 200-203, who omits from his list the substantial manors held by the earl's men in Hemel Hempstead and King's Langley (15,10-11) (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 5,11\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab THE VALUE IS AND WAS. For }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 et }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('and') Farley prints }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 7}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ; the manuscript has }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 &}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab JURISDICTION. See 5,9 jurisdiction note.}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 5,13\tab 2 \'bd HIDES. The manuscript leaves space for about 5 letters after }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 dim' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 5,15\tab ORWELL [BURY]. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Orwell Bury in Kelshall; see }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 159 (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 5,16\tab EDEVA [* THE FAIR *]. Edeva the fair, also named Edeva the rich (SUF 1,61;63. 31,54)
 and Countess Edeva (SUF 4,17) in Domesday Book, was the among the dozen wealthiest lay landowners of Anglo-Saxon England, her possessions exceeded only by those of Queen Edith and Countess Gytha among female landowners. She has often been identified with
 
Edith Swan-neck, married for some twenty years (though not in the eyes of the Church) to Earl Harold Godwinson, and mother of at least six of his children. Conclusive proof of this identification has never been found; but her beauty, her wealth, and its c
o
ncentration in the area where Harold began his public career and was earl for almost a decade, make the identification probable. Her posthumous career tends to confirm this. She was the predecessor of Count Alan of Brittany who later abducted Harold's dau
ghter Gunnhild from the nunnery at Wilton, probably, it has been argued, to secure title to his estates, which presupposes the identity of Edith and Edeva: Searle, 'Women and the succession', }{\i\insrsid4923298 Anglo-Norman Studies,}{\insrsid4923298 
 vol. 3 (1981), pp. 159-70; 226-29, at pp. 167-69 (JP).
\par \tab \tab Edeva's status as a lord of men and predecessor of Count Alan of Brittany identify her on many holdings where her byname is omitted; a few others can be identified because she or her men had other holdings in the same vill, as in Reed (5,16 a
nd 16,5-6), Wratworth and Whitwell (CAM 13,9-10. 14,42-43). The Edith of Norton (SUF 1,88-90) is shown to be a scribal error for Edeva by its dependencies at SUF 1,61-64;67-73, where Edeva the fair is named in full. The Countess Edeva of 4,17 can scarcely
 be anyone other than Edeva the fair; the only likely alternative, Queen Edith, presupposes scribal errors in both name and title. See also Clarke, }{\i\insrsid4923298 English Nobility}{\insrsid4923298 
, pp. 273-79, whose list omits BUK 4,1. CAM 13,8-10. ESS 4,16. HRT 5,16. SUF 3,71;84. 4,17 (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab MAN. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Homo}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 as commonly, includes 'woman'. See also 5,20 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 5,17\tab ADAM [* SON OF HUBERT *]. See 5,2 Adam note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ALNOTH [* GRUTT *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 5,18\tab ADAM [* SON OF HUBERT *]. See 5,2 Adam note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab [***] HELD. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Adam (5,2 Adam not
e) was almost certainly a Norman magnate, who did not}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 hold before 1066; the name of the then holder has evidently been omitted (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 5,19\tab ADAM [* SON OF HUBERT *]. See 5,2 Adam note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 5,20\tab EARL LEOFWIN. See 5,10 Leofwin note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 5,21\tab EARL ALGAR. See 37,19 Algar note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 5,23\tab 'ECHINGTON'. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Domesday }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Ichetone }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 was a manor in Layston (}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 VCH Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , i. p. 310);}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
Layston has now been absorbed in Buntingford (JRM). [In the Phillimore printed edition Buntingford itself was used as the identification of }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Ichetone}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
, but there is no reason to think that this was an earlier name for Buntingford.]}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 

\par }{\insrsid4923298 5,25\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 5,26\tab ALNOTH [* GRUTT *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 6,1\tab EARL LEOFWIN. See 5,10 Leofwin note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 7,2\tab LEODMER <OF BYGRAVE>. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 7,3\tab LEODMER <OF BYGRAVE>. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 7,4\tab WELWYN. 'The willows' (}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 
Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 144) identified in Domesday by spellings }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Wil- }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 or}{\insrsid4923298  }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Wel- }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 followed by }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 
-ge }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 or }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 -ga}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  -we }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 or }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 -wes}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 8\tab ELY ABBEY. These holdings are also described in the }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Eliensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ; see \{Introduction: Related or 'Satellite' Texts\}, and also \{Appendix\}
 where details of the livestock, and also of the}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 hundred representatives, are reproduced. Most of the }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Eliensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 's account is}{\insrsid4923298  }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 identical with that of Domesday. Differences and additional information are}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 given in the notes to HRT 8. See }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Eliensis,}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
 folio 49 b 1-2 (in Hamilton's edition b 2 is misprinted as 'a 2'); Hamilton, pp. 124-25) (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 8,1\tab HATFIELD. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 In the }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Eliensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  the 18 villagers are allotted 1 virgate each; the priest, \'bd hide. Also,}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
omitted in Domesday, 4 men (}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 homines}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 )}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 with 4 hides, and the entry 'Adam son of}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Robert son of William (ho
lds) under the abbot 2 hides'. The 18 smallholders,}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 12 with \'bd hide, 6 others with \'bd hide. The value of the mill is given as 46s 4d,}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
but 47s 4d in Domesday. The hides listed (20 in lordship, 12 between the priest,}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 villagers, smallholders and Adam) total 32, in contrast with the 40 answerable (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 8,2\tab KELSHALL.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  The }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Eliensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  records the 12 villagers, 2 with \'bd
 hide, 10 with 5 virgates; the smallholders with 1 virgate. These holdings total 2 hides; with the 2 lordship}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 hides they give a total of 4, in contrast with the 5 answerable (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 8,3\tab [LITTLE] HADHAM.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
 The abbot's holding was probably in Little Hadham, where, with 4,6, it would make 6 hides, as against 9 hides for the other Hadham holdings, 4,2 (see note), 4,7 and 4,9. The present parish of Muc
h Hadham is about one and a half times the size of Little Hadham. The figures suggest an assessment fixed at 15 hides before Hadham was divided (JRM).}{\insrsid4923298 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab \tab In the }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Eliensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  the 15 villagers are given, 1 with 1 virgate, 14 with \'bd virgate each. But, in place of Domesday's 15 smallholders, the }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 
Inquisitio Eliensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  has 7 cottagers with \'bd virgate.}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 With the lordship hides, these figures give a total of 4 hides and \'bd virgate, as against}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
the 4 hides answerable. In the }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Eliensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  the word }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 cot}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 [}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 arii}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ]}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
is an interlinear insertion,}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 possibly in error for }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 b}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 [}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 ordarii}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ];}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
but, since that enquiry's figures correspond}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 with the}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 hidage, and are also repeated in its summary A (see below),}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
Domesday's '15' may be}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 an error, repeating the figure given for villagers in the line}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 above. The }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Eliensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
 gives the value when}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 acquired as \'a310, Domesday as \'a315. The }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Eliensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  (the main, Cottonian, manuscript and manuscript}{\insrsid4923298  }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 B, but not C) here reads }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 silva ad .c. p. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('woodland (sufficient) for 100 pigs'). The}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
main manuscript gives 8 slaves, as against 7 in Domesday and manuscripts B, C (JRM).}{\i\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab \tab The }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Eliensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  text entry concludes with the statement }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 De toto quod habemus in tota scira Hertford l lib' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('fr
om all that we have in the whole of Hertfordshire,}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \'a350), which agrees with its own summary and with Domesday (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab \tab The }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Eliensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  also gives two summaries, A (folio 68 a 2; Hamilton, p. 173) giving figures for each holding and}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 a total of the wh
ole, and B (folio 48 a 2; Hamilton, p. 122) giving the total only. The figures}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 are}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 given below; an asterisk marks discrepancies (JRM).}{\insrsid4923298 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 
\par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2098\clshdrawnil \cellx1990\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1278\clshdrawnil \cellx3268\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx4611\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx5954\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx7297\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\pard 
\s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 \cell lordship
\par ploughs\cell Men's}{\fs20\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\fs20\insrsid4923298 ploughs\cell Villagers\cell Small-
\par holders\cell }\pard \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 slaves\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2098\clshdrawnil \cellx1990\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1278\clshdrawnil \cellx3268\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx4611\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx5954\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx7297\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\trowd \irow1\irowband1\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2098\clshdrawnil \cellx1990\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1278\clshdrawnil 
\cellx3268\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx4611\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx5954\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil 
\cellx7297\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl
\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 Hatfield (8,1)}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }{\fs20\insrsid4923298 3\cell 20\cell 18\cell 30\cell }\pard 
\s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 6\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow1\irowband1\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 
\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2098\clshdrawnil \cellx1990\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1278\clshdrawnil \cellx3268\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx4611\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone 
\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx5954\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx7297\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\pard\plain 
\s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 Kelshall (8,2)}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }{\fs20\insrsid4923298 3\cell 6
\cell 12\cell 9\cell }\pard \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 7\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow2\irowband2\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 
\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2098\clshdrawnil \cellx1990\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1278\clshdrawnil \cellx3268\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx4611\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone 
\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx5954\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx7297\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\pard\plain 
\s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 Hadham (8,3)}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }{\fs20\insrsid4923298 3\'86}{
\insrsid4923298 \cell }{\fs20\insrsid4923298 8\cell 15\cell 7\cell }\pard \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 7\cell }\pard\plain 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow3\irowband3
\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2098\clshdrawnil \cellx1990
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1278\clshdrawnil \cellx3268\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 
\clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx4611\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx5954\clvertalt
\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx7297\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 Total of summary A}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }{\fs20\insrsid4923298 9\'86}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }{\fs20\insrsid4923298 34\cell 45\cell 46\cell }\pard 
\s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 20\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow4\irowband4\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 
\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2098\clshdrawnil \cellx1990\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1278\clshdrawnil \cellx3268\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx4611\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone 
\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx5954\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx7297\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\pard\plain 
\s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 Total of summary B}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }{\fs20\insrsid4923298 8
\cell 34\cell 50\'86}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }{\fs20\insrsid4923298 55\'86}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }\pard \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 20\cell }\pard\plain 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow5\irowband5
\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2098\clshdrawnil \cellx1990
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1278\clshdrawnil \cellx3268\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 
\clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx4611\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx5954\clvertalt
\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx7297\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\pard\plain \s20\ql \li0\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin0\pararsid16067064 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\fs20\insrsid4923298 Totals of}{\fs20\insrsid16067064  }{\fs20\insrsid4923298 Domesday figures\cell }\pard \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 8\cell 34\cell 45
\cell 54\'86}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }\pard \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 20\cell }\pard\plain 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow6\irowband6\lastrow 
\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2098\clshdrawnil \cellx1990
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1278\clshdrawnil \cellx3268\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 
\clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx4611\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx5954\clvertalt
\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx7297\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth1343\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab \'86 The 3 Hatfield lordship ploughs are evid
ently an error for 2, given in the text and Domesday, and implied in Summary B. Summary B's villagers total clearly includes the priest and 4 men of Hatfield. Its total for smallholders evidently follows the draft which gave 15 for Hadham, as against 7 co
ttagers in }{\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 Eliensis}{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 
 text (in Summary A, 7 smallholders) and found its way into Domesday. '55' is probably an error for '54'. Summary B also totals 49 hides, a value of \'a350, and land for 53 ploughs, all of which figures agree with the texts of }{
\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 Eliensis}{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298  and Domesday. The }{\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 Eliensis}{
\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298  also summarises Hardwin's Hertfordshire lands, see HRT 37 Hardwin note (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 9,4\tab 
ALDENHAM. The boundaries of the Westminster Abbey holding are detailed Birch, }{\i\insrsid4923298 Cartularium Saxonicum}{\insrsid4923298 , no. 245 [= Sawyer, }{\i\insrsid4923298 Anglo-Saxon Charters}{\insrsid4923298 , no. 124] and discussed in }{
\i\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\insrsid4923298 , p. 59; they exclude a small portion of the north of the parish (see 10,17 Aldenham note) (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab 3 PLOUGHS. In the manuscript }{\i\insrsid4923298 vi }{
\insrsid4923298 seems to have been corrected to }{\i\insrsid4923298 iii}{\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\insrsid4923298  }{\insrsid4923298 with [}{\i\insrsid4923298 tr}{\insrsid4923298 ]}{\i\insrsid4923298 es }{\insrsid4923298 inserted above the line (JRM).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 9,6\tab RANCH. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Hardwich}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 a }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 wick}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
or specialised farmstead, for herds (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 9,9\tab GEOFFREY [* DE MANDEVILLE *].}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  Geoffrey de Mandeville, whose heirs held Ayot St Lawrence; see }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 VCH Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , i. p. 313 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ALWIN [* OF GOTTON *].}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  Alwin [of] Gotton (10,6 Alwin note), who granted Ayot to Westminster Abbey, with}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 King Edward's consent; see Kemble, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 
Codex Diplomaticus}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , no. 864 = Harmer }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Anglo-Saxon}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Writs}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , no. 91, [pp. 356-57, 511-12 = Sawyer, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Anglo-Saxon Charters}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 , no. 1135] (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab ABBOT OF WESTMINSTER. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Abb}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 [}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 as}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ]}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  W}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 [}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 illelmum}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ]}{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  regem }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 is a possible but less likely alternative expansion of}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 the Latin (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 9,10\tab ASHWELL. See B11 town note (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 10,1\tab HANSTEAD. See }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 97 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 10,4\tab [ST PAUL'S] WALDEN. T}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
he only Domesday Hertfordshire holding detached from its geographical hundred. Its annexation to St Albans [later Cashio] Hundred may have been the first step in the process which later attached most St Albans manors to the Abbey's hundred. But it is a mi
le from the old border of Sandridge in St Albans Hundred; in 1086 it may have been joined to Sandridge by a narrow corridor, now in Kimpton in Hitchin, flanking the probable course of the Baldock-Wheathamstead Roman road, which spans the gap (JRM).}{
\insrsid4923298 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab \tab The place was named 'St Paul's' when it was granted to the see of London in 1544, after the dissolution of St Albans Abbey (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 10,5\tab ST ALBANS ... BURGESSES.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  See B11 town note (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 10,6\tab EIGHTH. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Read viii}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 [}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 ma}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ], 'eighth'}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab ALWIN [OF] GOTTON. Possibly but not probably Gotton in Somerset, as Tengvik, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Old English Bynames}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 43; or Gotten in the Isle of Wight (early forms }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Godetone}
{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  Godyngtone }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 etc.; see Koekeritz, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place Names of the Isle of Wight}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 115), in which case he might have been a near neighbour of A
lstan of Boscombe (28,1 Alstan note), if Alstan came from Hampshire. But Alstan was more probably from Wiltshire, and held land in several western counties, as well as in Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire, whereas Alwin was local, recorded only in Hertfordsh
i
re (with one holding at Quickbury (ESS 22,4), half a mile from the Hertfordshire border at Sawbridgeworth). His principal holdings were in Stanstead and Hoddesdon, and Gotton is therefore more probably a lost place-name in that region. Goods Green in Hodd
esdon (now Goose Green, TL3509); }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Gode }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 in the fourteenth century (}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
, p. 229), may preserve the name. Geddings (TL3808), also in Hoddesdon (whose variant spelling }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Geddyngesholme }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 suggests that it was named in or before the period of 
Scandinavian settlement) may also be relevant, as is Goldings in Bengeo (}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
, p. 217), since Golde and Gode occur as variant spellings of the same name (for example in HUN 19,21. 29,5) (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 10,17\tab ALDENHAM. Perhaps the northern portion of the parish, excluded from the}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
boundaries of the Westminster holding (see 9,4 Aldenham note), centred on the lands about the Roman villa of Netherwild (TL143012) and perhaps including the site of Radlett (first named in the fifteenth century; see }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 P
lace-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 61) (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 12,1\tab [1 PLOUGH THERE]. In line 3 read }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 7 dimid }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 [}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 7 ibi est i car'}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ]}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  et adhuc ...}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 .}{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab 8 FREE MEN. The only }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 liberi homines }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 entered in Hertfordshire Domesday. At the end of the line 3, the manuscript reads }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Ibi viii v}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ;}{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Farley omits the }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 v}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , and the manuscript suggests a half-hearted attempt to delete the letter. Evidently the compiler began to write }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 villani}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 from force of habit, and noticed his mistake after the first letter (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 13,1\tab KENSWORTH. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 In Bedfordshire since 1897 (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab 
YOUNG LEOFWIN [* OF CADDINGTON *]. The Young Leofwin who had five holdings in Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire was probably the same individual, known from a bequest to St Albans Abbey as Leofwin of Caddington. His father bequeathed land to him
 in three of these five vills (Sawyer, }{\i\insrsid4923298 Anglo-Saxon Charters}{\insrsid4923298 
, no. 1517). One of the other two (Kensworth) was adjacent to Caddington and the other (Beeston) lay in the same general line along the border between the two counties. It seems probable they were 
held by the same individual. If not, the scribe might have attempted to distinguish men of such exalted and uncommon status: no other names in Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire were distinguished by the title }{\i\insrsid4923298 cilt}{\insrsid4923298 
 whereas the neighbouring county of Buckinghamshire was home to four (JP).
\par \tab \tab Young Leofwin was described as a royal thane in three of the five entries which raises the possibility that others of that description might also be Leofwin of Caddington. This was certainly the case at Caddington itself, and
 at Meppershall. In both cases, the vill was split by the county boundary, Leofwin holding both halves of the vill, but described in Bedfordshire as Young Leofwin and in Hertfordshire simply as a royal thane (JP).
\par \tab \tab In five of the remaining seven cases, a 
royal thane named Leofwin had been succeeded by Walter of Flanders who also succeeded to three other holdings of Leofwins not designated royal thanes. It is probable that these eight Leofwins were the same individual. Apart from some anonymous Freemen, al
l but two of Walter's 40 estates devolved upon him from a Leofwin or a Leofnoth, evidently his designated }{\i\insrsid4923298 antecessores}{\insrsid4923298 
. Of these eight holdings, three lay in the adjacent vills of Libury and Munden; the remaining five were grouped closely together, five miles or less to the north-west of Meppershall, suggesting that Walter's antecessor was Leofwin of Caddington.
\par \tab \tab Other links point in the same direction. Nigel of Aubigny, who acquired Streatley from Leofwin of Caddington, also obtained Millbrook from Godwin 
son of Leofwin (BDF 24,9), perhaps his son, and Stratton from Leofwin. Stratton was a vill in which a Leofwin held from Walter of Flanders (JP).
\par \tab \tab Among the other Leofwins holding in the two counties, several had links with those discussed above. At Libury
, both Walter of Flanders and Odo of Bayeux had been preceded by a Leofwin (5,10); as had Peter of Valognes in the adjacent vill of Sacombe (36,11). Peter's antecessor had been a man of Earl Harold, as was Walter's predecessor in the neighbouring vill of 
Munden and Ralph Tallboys' in Hunsdon (44,1). While not in any way conclusive, these links tend to reinforce each another and the identification with Leofwin of Caddington (JP).
\par \tab \tab The remaining holdings held by the royal thane were at Barley and Bushey whic
h have no apparent links to the remainder other than the status of the thane and their properties, both retained in demesne by the tenants-in-chief who acquired them (29,1. 33,2). The only other estates held by a Leofwin in the two counties were at Clifto
n
 and Totternhoe (BDF 8,6. 40,3) and Boarscroft and Bozen (15,8. 20,12). Clifton was surrounded by the holdings already identified and Totternhoe was just a few miles from Caddington, so both might have belonged to Leofwin of Caddington even though Leofwin
 at Totternhoe was Earl Waltheof's man. Moreover, as Fowler pointed out long ago (}{\i\insrsid4923298 Bedfordshire in 1086}{\insrsid4923298 
, p. 105), the unidentified 'Puttanho' in the will of Leofwin of Caddington's father is a likely scribal error for Totternhoe, 'by the common mistake of p for \'de
, Thotenho being a known early spelling of this name'. Bozen, on the other hand, is unlikely to have been held by him. The holding was tiny and was in the lordship of Godwin of Benfield, too demeaning for a royal thane. Finally, the holding at Boarscr
oft raises an intriguing possibility. Although a modest property, it had been held freely, from King Edward. In 1086 it was still held by Leofwin, but 'at a revenue' from the tenant-in-chief who superseded him. Was this another example of an Anglo-Saxon m
agnate clinging precariously to a fragment of his previous estate? Fowler thought so (}{\i\insrsid4923298 Bedfordshire in 1086}{\insrsid4923298 , p. 105 note p) (JP).
\par \tab \tab Outside Bedfordshire and Hertfordshi
re, there are only two other occurrences of a royal thane named Leofwin, at Ingham in Suffolk (SUF 8,32) and Ravenstone in Buckinghamshire (14,42). There are no tenurial or other links with the Suffolk holding, over 70 miles away. Ravenstone, however, was
 
within 20 miles of other Caddington holdings; and given the limited distribution of royal thanes named Leofwin, and the absence of other holdings which might plausibly be attributed to this royal thane in Buckinghamshire, it is perhaps more likely than no
t that this is also Leofwin of Caddington (JP).
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab \tab 
Young Leofwins occur in four other counties: Essex, Suffolk, Shropshire and Derbyshire. Stenton was of the opinion that the title }{\i\insrsid4923298 cilt}{\insrsid4923298  was 'unlikely to have been applied to two different persons of the same 
name' and identified Young Leofwin in Derbyshire (DBY 6,29. 16,1) as Leofwin of Caddington on that basis (}{\i\insrsid4923298 VCH}{\insrsid4923298  }{\i\insrsid4923298 Derbyshire}{\insrsid4923298 
, i. 322), despite the remoteness and insignificance of the Derbyshire holdings. As there are no links other than the title }{\i\insrsid4923298 cilt}{\insrsid4923298  between
 Leofwin of Caddington and the Young Leofwins of other counties, there is unfortunately no way of testing this; but the fact that Leofwin was a common name, taken together with concentrated nature of the Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire holdings compared to
 the dispersal of the remainder, makes the identification less rather than more likely (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 13,2\tab CADDINGTON. In Bedfordshire since 1897 (JRM).}{
\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab LEOFWIN [* OF CADDINGTON *]. See 13,1 Leofwin note (JP).}
{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 13,5\tab 13 PLOUGHS. Farley and manuscript }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 xiii}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ;}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 a fault in the Ordnance Survey facsimile shows }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 xii }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 and misled}{\insrsid4923298  }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 
VCH Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , i. p. 317, causing J.H. Round's mistaken note to the}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 translation (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 14,1\tab MEADOW FOR 4 PLOUGHS. Accidentally duplicated in the manuscript (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 15,1\tab BOROUGH OF THIS TOWN. The word }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 burbium }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 is otherwise unknown, and is}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 probably a botched version of }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 suburbium}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 , used}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 of Hertford (B11 town note). The form might be influenced by late eleventh-century continental }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 burban}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  (Ducange, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 
Glossarium}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ),}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 for }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 burgi bannum }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 bannum leugae}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
French }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 banlieu}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 'suburb') (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 

\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 15,2\tab 
SHENLEY. In the southern portion of 'Danish' Hundred, not in Tring Hundred. In the Count of Mortain's chapter the hundred headings are omitted, but the wording indicates their position. Through
out Hertfordshire, the normal arrangement is to list first within each hundred the places held by the landholder himself, those held by his men thereafter. The words }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Ipse comes}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 at the beginning (15,3) of Aldbury, in Tring Hundred, suggest that it was in a
 different hundred from Shenley, and that a hundred heading has therefore also been omitted before Shenley. Berkhamsted is entered first, since it was the count's principal Hertfordshire manor, and the site of his castle. Shenley follows, as the only deta
ched portion of his otherwise contiguous holding. After Aldbury come the manors of his men in Tring Hundred, to 15,9; Hemel Hempstead (15,10, see 15,10 hundred note), with }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Ipse comes}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }
{\cf1\insrsid4923298 begins the manors in the northern part of 'Danish' Hundred. It is therefo
re probable that 'Danish' (south) Hundred should also have been entered before Shenley. It is however possible that the entry refers to Shenley in Buckinghamshire (BUK 13,2-3), mistakenly included in the Hertfordshire list, since it adjoins the count's ho
l
ding of Loughton (BUK 12,32), and, like the Shenley here entered, was held by one of King Edward's guards before 1066. Such misplacements, remote from the county boundary, occasionally occur elsewhere, and are especially frequent in Northamptonshire (JRM)
.}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab 100 [PIGS AND ***]s. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 An omission, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 silva c }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 [}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 porc' et ii}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ]}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  sol}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ',}{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 is more probable than }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 sol' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 written in error for }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 porc' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 as}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  VCH Hertfordshire}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 , i. p. 299 (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL LEOFWIN. See 5,10 Leofwin note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 15,3\tab MEADOW \'bd HIDE. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 hid' }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 is possibly an error for }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 car'}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (as suggested by Round in }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 VCH Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , i. p. 299),}{
\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 with perhaps a figure missing, the normal Hertfordshire measurement; but hidage of meadows sometimes occurs, for example in CAM 5,2, where the wording }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 dim' hid'}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 prati }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 is confirmed both by the }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Comitatus Cantabrigiensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  and the }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquistio Eliensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 

\par }{\insrsid4923298 15,4\tab ENGELRIC [* THE PRIEST *].}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  A notable priest, founder of St Martin-le-Grand in London, see Round, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Commune of London}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
, pp. 28-38. He was the former holder of Tring (17,1) (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab \tab }{\insrsid4923298 Engelric the priest was the predecessor of Count Eustace of Boulogne in Essex, Hertfordshire and Suffolk, named 'the priest' in the }{\i\insrsid4923298 Feudal Book of Abbot Baldwin}{\insrsid4923298 
, p 8. His holdings on other fiefs can be identified either because there is an association with Count Eus
tace (15,4-6;9. 39,1 and ESS 1,24;27. 17,2), because of his relationship to St Martin's (6,1), or because of his involvement with Abbot Baldwin (SUF 14,39;101. 39,3). The only other occurrence of the name Engelric in Domesday Book is that of the pre-Conqu
e
st holder of the handsome manor of Newnham Murren (OXF 35,11). It is difficult to believe that this was the only manor held by this man; but, if not, he was perforce Engelric the priest. Unfortunately, there are no tenurial or other links which can confir
m this but it seems more likely than not. See Clarke, }{\i\insrsid4923298 English Nobility}{\insrsid4923298 
, pp. 307-308, who does assign Newnham to Engelric the priest; his list, of course, does not include the many references to Engelric's post-Conquest holdings and plunderings (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab 7 HIDES.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  Those of 15,4-6;9 and 39,1, bordering on Tring, held by Count Eustace, (17,1), taken from it by the Count of Mortain (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 15,5\tab HUMPHREY <OF WIGGINGTON>. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
The distribution of unidentified tenants named Humphrey is skewed in the extreme. In Great Domesda
y only five tenants-in-chief subinfeudated more than a single holding to a tenant of that name who cannot plausibly be identified from documentary sources: the Bishop of Coutances (2), Odo of Bayeux (2), the Bishop of London (2), William son of Stur (3), 
a
nd the Count of Mortain (23). The Count of Mortain evidently did not have 23 tenants named Humphrey and may have had only one. The distribution of the Mortain tenants makes this a probability. In three counties - Buckingham, Cornwall, and Northamptonshire
 - all Humphreys were Mortain tenants; and in the remaining four counties with Mortain tenants named Humphrey, their distribution was distinct from that of other tenants of the same name. }{\insrsid4923298 See also Keats-Rohan, }{\i\insrsid4923298 
Domesday People}{\insrsid4923298 , p. 276 (JP)}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab BRICTRIC <OF WADD
ESDON>. Although his lands devolved upon eight or nine tenants-in-chief, they can be reconstructed from his distinctive description as a thane of Queen Edith, some of whose manors devolved upon the Count of Mortain, Robert d'Oilly, Miles Crispin, Hugh of 
B
olbec and Osbern son of Richard. Other links between the Brictrics on these fiefs are provided by holdings by more than one of them in the vills of Beachendon, Chesham, Littlecote, Marston and Wingrave, links which identify Brictric as a predecessor of Od
o
 of Bayeux, Turstin Mantle and William son of Ansculf in Buckinghamshire. The only other Brictric in that county was at Helsthorpe (BUK 43,4), a couple of miles from Wingrave and Horton, almost certainly the same man since he was an overlord and no other 
B
rictric will fit this description. In Bedfordshire, too, the only unidentified Brictric was probably Brictric of Waddesdon since he was also a lord of men and his holding at Milton Ernest was close to the two of Brictric of Waddesdon at Clapham and Thurle
igh. Brictric was the greatest landowner in Buckinghamshire before the Conquest, with large manors at Waddesdon and Marsworth and holdings valued at almost \'a390 out of a total of a little over \'a3100 for all counties, his 'men' having a further \'a3
22 between them, \'a319 of this in Buckinghamshire. See also Clarke, }{\i\insrsid4923298 English Nobility}{\insrsid4923298 , pp. 262-64, whose list does not include one Chesham holding, or Kimble, Stewkely and Whaddon (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ENGELRIC [* THE PRIEST *]. See 15,4 Engelric note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab OSWULF [* SON OF FRANI *]. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Os
wulf son of Frani was Robert's predecessor in all his estates in Bedfordshire (BDF 26) and Hertfordshire (HRT 21); an Oswulf son of Frani, a royal thane, preceded him in BUK 18,2, and Oswulf, a royal thane, in BUK 18,3. It is thus likely that his other pr
e
decessors named Oswulf in Buckinghamshire, Leicestershire and Northamptonshire are the same individual, particularly as there are only six other unidentified Oswulfs in these five counties. Of these six, moreover, two were predecessors of the Count of Mor
t
ain who had succeeded the son of Frani on another estate, and two others were in vills adjacent to the holdings of the son of Frani. Only the two manors acquired by Miles Crispin (BUK 23,24-25) appear to have no links to the holdings of the son of Frani. 
Frani himself might be Frani of Rockingham (Northamptonshire); see NTH 5,1 Langton note. See also Clarke, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 English Nobility}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , pp. 331-32 (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 15,6\tab ENGELRIC [* THE PRIEST *]. See 15,4 Engelric note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 15,7\tab OSWULF SON OF FRANI. See 15,5 Oswulf note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 15,8\tab LEOFWIN [* OF CADDINGTON *]. See 13,1 Leofwin note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 15,9\tab ENGELRIC [* THE PRIEST *]. See 15,4 Engelric note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 15,10\tab [IN}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
 'DANISH' HUNDRED ?]. Tring Hundred (5,1 Tring note) is not mentioned after Domesday, and was absorbed by 'Danish' Hundred (5,
2 'Danish' note). It was not a private jurisdiction of the count's, comparable with the ecclesiastical hundreds of some major monasteries, since it is specifically named under the other landholders (5,1. 21,1. 39,1) and Tring itself was not held by the co
u
nt. Its internal boundary is uncertain, because the count's fief omits hundred headings. The list includes Redbourn, which is placed in 'Danish' (North) Hundred in three other entries (6,1. 10,10;14). Langley and Gaddesden were also in 'Danish' Hundred (1
0
,9. 32,1), and it is not probable that the count's holdings in these places, in both cases the smaller portion, were in a different hundred from the larger portion. Since these places surround Hemel Hempstead (with Bovingdon) on three sides and the wordin
g }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 ipse comes }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
suggests a new hundred (see 15,2 Shenley note), it is likely that the missing hundred heading should be placed before Hemel Hempstead. The eastern border of Tring Hundred was therefore probably the border of Great Berkhamsted (with Nettleden), 
which follows the well-marked natural features of Ashridge and the bottom of the valley that leads to Bourne End and the county boundary (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL LEOFWIN. See 5,10 Leofwin note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 15,11\tab EARL LEOFWIN. See 5,10 Leofwin note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 15,12\tab HUMPHREY <OF WIGGINGTON>. See 15,5 Humphrey note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EDMER ATOR. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
The commoner spelling; see MDX 8,6 Ator note (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 16,1\tab EDEVA THE FAIR. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ANSKETIL OF ROTS. See 2,1 Ansketil note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 16,2\tab MUNDEN. With 7 \'bd hides and [1] virgate probably Great Munden; 5 hides and 1 virgate for (Little?) Munden (30,1) giving 13 hides in all (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab 
EARL RALPH. Of Norfolk, who rebelled in 1075. He was quickly defeated, and escaped to Brittany, losing all his possessions in England (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EDEVA THE FAIR. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 16,3\tab EDEVA [* THE FAIR *]. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 16,4\tab EDEVA [* THE FAIR *]. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 16,5\tab HARDWIN [* OF SCALES *]. Hardwin o}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
f Scales (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EDEVA [* THE FAIR *]. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 16,6\tab EDEVA [* THE FAIR *]. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 16,7\tab EDEVA THE FAIR. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 16,8\tab 'LANGPORT'. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
JRM in the Phillimore printed edition identified Domesday }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Langeport }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 with Hare Street, citing }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 179.}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 16,9\tab LAND FOR 33 [[23 ?]] PLOUGHS. The ploughs listed total 23; there is probably a transcription error (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EDEVA THE FAIR. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 16,10\tab EDEVA THE FAIR. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab BEFORE 1066. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 T.R.R.}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 , Farley. The manuscript has }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 T.R.E.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  confused by a stroke comparable with that in 16,11 (JRM)}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 16,11\tab EDEVA [* THE FAIR *]. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 16,12\tab EDEVA THE FAIR. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 17,1\tab ENGELRIC [* THE PRIEST *]. See 15,4 Engelric note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab OSWULF SON OF FRANI. See 15,5 Oswulf note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ENGELRIC [* THE PRIEST *]. See 15,4 Engelric note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 17,2\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 17,3\tab [IN 'EDWINSTREE' HUNDRED].}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
 Anstey is in 'Edwinstree' Hundred, well removed from the border of}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Odsey Hundred. The hundred heading, apparently an insertion, is placed where}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
there is room, at the end of the entry, as in 23,3, instead of at the beginning where however no space was available (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab THANE. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Homo }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('man') in 17,2;4. 8,9 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 

\par }{\insrsid4923298 17,4\tab ROBERT [* SON OF ROSCELIN *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab [* EARL *] HAROLD. The name Harold is one of the most common in Domesday Book, occurring over 700 times; but it probably represents fewer than 20 individuals, of whom Earl Harold Godwinson is overwhelmingly the most s
ignificant, Harold son of Earl Ralph of Hereford being the only other individual of any consequence. In a large number of cases, unfortunately, the scribe has not given Harold his title. In Essex, Norfolk and Suffolk, for instance, he is described as earl
 
only once in each county (ESS B3k. NFK 3,2. SUF 68,1) though he undoubtedly held a large number of estates in all three, possibly all but two of those recorded in the three counties. However, there are surprisingly few cases where there is real cause for 
u
ncertainty about identifying the earl: the royal estates, the larger manors, the lordship over men, his territorial predominance in some areas, association with members of his family, and relationships between estates, serve to distinguish him in the majo
rity of cases; but see BUK 17,22 Harold note. Ann Williams, 'Land and power', }{\i\insrsid4923298 Anglo-Norman Studies}{\insrsid4923298 , vol. 3 (1981), pp. 171-87, 230-34, discusses Harold's estates and those of his men; and Clarke, }{\i\insrsid4923298 
English Nobility}{\insrsid4923298 , pp. 164-91, lists them. Clarke tends to omi
t the dependencies where Harold is not explicitly named, or holdings named only in satellite texts (CON 4,2. KEN 2,5;41;43). He has also omitted the following: BUK 3a,5. 26,11. 30,1. CHS 8,41. ESS 1,23. HEF 1,56. 17,2. HRT 1,15. 5,5. HUN 13,1-3. NFK 8,33.
 9,178; 233. 20,8;19;24;31. 21,16;22;33-34. 22,2-8. 26,3. NTT 3,1-3. OXF 58,30. SUF 1,119. 36,3;5-7;15. 38,21. 39,17. 67,12;17. 76,6;20;23. SUR 26,1. WIL 18,2. 41,1; and the entries for GLS 30,1 and 50,3 have been confused (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab GODE <OF WOOLLEY>. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 See 34,4 Gode note (JRM)}{\insrsid4923298 .}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 17,6\tab GODGYTH <OF THORLEY>. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 17,7\tab GODGYTH <OF THORLEY>. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 17,8\tab BERKESDEN. See }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 
Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 171. The Ordnance Survey 2 \'bd inch map has 'Berkesdon', wrongly (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab ROBERT [* SON OF ROSCELIN *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 17,9\tab ROBERT [* SON OF ROSCELIN *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 17,10\tab GODGYTH <OF THORLEY>. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER [* THE CONSTABLE *]. The name Esger occurs on over 130 holdings but may represent only six individ
uals. Of these, by far the most important was Esger the constable, predecessor of Geoffrey de Mandeville on the bulk of his holdings. So pronounced was the descent of Esger's holdings to Geoffrey that one way the Domesday scribe had of casting doubt on th
e
 legality of Geoffrey's tenure of any property was to state 'it was not of Esger's Holding' or words to that effect (ESS 30,2. SUF 32,1. SUR 25,1;3). Where not explicitly identified as the constable, therefore, Geoffrey's succession to the holdings of an 
E
sger, or frequently of his men, plausibly identifies Esger as the constable. On two other holdings where Esger is not explicitly identified as the constable, his man is identified elsewhere as a man of the constable (17,10. 33,13;18-19), or another of his
 men held land in the vill concerned (CAM 22,8. 32,16), making the identification more likely than not, particularly as no other Esger can be identified as a lord of other men. See also Clarke, }{\i\insrsid4923298 English Nobility}{\insrsid4923298 
, pp. 243-49, who omits holdings at CAM 32,11. ESS 90,28. NTH 45,8 and SUF 32,4-5 (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 17,11\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 17,12\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 17,13\tab 
COCKHAMSTEAD. On the border between 'Edwinstree' Hundred and Braughing Hundred, in later records in Braughing Hundred. A hundred heading is omitted before 17,14, since}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
Hoddesdon could never have been in 'Edwinstree' Hundred, and confusion with Hunsdon (44,1 Hunsdon note) is excluded by an }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inspeximus }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (Pat. 1 H 6 p 3 m 4; cited in }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Monasticon Anglicanum}
{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , viii. pp. 1324-25 [= }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , i. no. 181 pp. 594-601] confirming William I's grants to St Martin-le-Grand [in London], including }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 
in Hoddesdona unam hidam}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  .}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 The placing of both Bozen (17,12, also on the hundred border and later in Braug
hing Hundred) and Cockhamstead, held by the count himself, after his men's holdings, would suggest the beginning of a new hundred, Braughing Hundred. But Braughing Hundred is entered after Hoddesdon, and it is therefore probable that 17,12-15 were an adde
ndum, placed at the end of the count's manors in 'Edwinstree' Hundred (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab 
GOTI <OF STAMBOURNE>. Goti is named in Domesday Book as a thane or Guard of Earl Harold holding substantial properties in Essex, Hertfordshire and Middlesex. In Suffolk, the thane
 of Earl Harold who held the valuable manor of Freckenham (SUF 20,1) has been identified as the same man, though erroneously named }{\i\insrsid4923298 Orthi}{\insrsid4923298  by the scribe: Fleming, }{\i\insrsid4923298 Kings and Lords}{\insrsid4923298 
, p. 86, note 139. Of the remaining holdings, the valuable manor of Hutton (ESS 
13,1) lay in the same Hundred as one of Gotis holdings acquired by Haimo the steward; and another valuable manor, Nettlestead (SUF 3,56), had like Freckenham passed through the hands of Earl Ralph Wader. In view of these links and the rarity of the name G
oti, it is likely both manors had belonged to Earl Harold's thane also. The two remaining holdings held by men named Goti in East Anglia, however, were low status properties unlikely to have been his. See also Clarke, }{\i\insrsid4923298 English Nobility}
{\insrsid4923298 , pp. 308-309, whose list omits Nettlestead (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 17,14\tab GODGYTH <OF THORLEY>. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 17,15\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 18,1\tab GODE <OF WOOLLEY>. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 See 34,4 Gode note (JRM)}{\insrsid4923298 .}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 19,1\tab 'TISCOTT'. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
A deserted village, no longer marked on Ordnance Survey maps (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab 3 \'bd VILLAGERS. The meaning is not known. Here, as also in, for example, Cambridgeshire (CAM 7,9: Burwell, 42 \'bd villagers), it might mean that half the l
and or obligations of one villager lay elsewhere. The wording, and probably the meaning differ from the west country distinction between 'full' (}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 plenarii }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 or }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 integri}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 )}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 and 'half' (}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 dimidii}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 )}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  villani}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
where the two groups are separately listed (for example in SHR 2,2, Onibury, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 iiii villani integri et vi dimidii}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ).}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
The west country meaning is also not known, but there the wording consistently implies a category of inferior status (JRM). [See SHR 2,2 half note.]}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab BRICTRIC <OF WADDESDON>. See 15,5 Brictric note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab OSWULF SON OF FRANI. See 15,5 Oswulf note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 19,2\tab POLEHANGER.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  In Bedfordshire (JRM).}
{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 20,1\tab ALWARD [* OF MARDLEY *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 20,2\tab MARGINAL }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 A}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 . The marginal letter }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 A}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  is placed against a disputed holding; it therefore stands for a relevant word, perhaps some verbal form of }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 adjudicatio }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
or }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 arbitratio}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 indicating a decision to be taken (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab AYOT [ST PETER]. Ayot St Peter was held by Robert Gernon's heirs; see }{\i\insrsid4923298 VCH Hertfordshire}{\insrsid4923298 , i. p. 323 (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab WILLIAM [* OF LETCHWORTH *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 20,3\tab WILLIAM [* OF LETCHWORTH *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 20,4\tab WILLIAM [* OF LETCHWORTH *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab AELFRIC [[ALMER ?]] OF BENNINGTON.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
 The manuscript has }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Aluric homo Aluric}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 with }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 belinton }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 inserted above the second name.}{\insrsid4923298  }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 Almer of Bennington is mentioned in a score of Hertfordshire entries; and probably intended here, since Chells faces Bennington, on the opposite bank of the River Beane (
JRM). [An Aelfric, Almer of Bennington's man, had held land in Flexmore (36,17).]}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 20,5\tab 'WOOLWICKS'. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 In Stevenage; see }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 140 (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab WILLIAM [* OF LETCHWORTH *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 20,6\tab WYMONDLEY. Probably Little Wymond
ley, apparently held by Robert's heirs: }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 VCH Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , i. p. 323 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab WILLIAM [* OF LETCHWORTH *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 20,7\tab WILLIAM [* OF LETCHWORTH *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab GODWIN OF SOULBURY. Soulbury is i}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
n Buckinghamshire (SP8827) between Bletchley and Leighton Buzzard (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 20,9\tab 
WILLIAM [* OF LETCHWORTH *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 20,10\tab HYDE HALL. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
So renamed in the sixteenth century; see }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 165 (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab WILLIAM [* OF LETCHWORTH *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab 
VALUE 6s 8d. So the manuscript and Farley; a smudged dot after }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 vi }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 in the Ordnance Survey facsimile gives the appearance of }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 vii sol'}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 and misled }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 VCH Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , i. p. 324 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 20,11\tab "SAPEHAM".}{\i\insrsid4923298  }{\insrsid4923298 Unidentified. But fifteenth-century and sixteenth-century spellings of Sawbridgeworth (}{\i\insrsid4923298 Saebrict's Wort}{\insrsid4923298 :}{\i\insrsid4923298 
 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\insrsid4923298 , p. 194) include }{\i\insrsid4923298 Sabbisford}{\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\insrsid4923298  Sapsworth}{\insrsid4923298 .}{\i\insrsid4923298  }{\insrsid4923298 It is possible that Domesday }{\i\insrsid4923298 
Sapeham }{\insrsid4923298 
gives an earlier contraction of the same name, and that the place might have been a part of the same original settlement, therefore perhaps is to be sought in or about Much Hadham in 'Edwinstree' Hundred, whose lands border on Sawbridgeworth (JRM)}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab WILLIAM [* OF LETCHWORTH *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 20,12\tab WILLIAM [* OF LETCHWORTH *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 20,13\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 21,1\tab 14 HIDES ALWAYS. Here, as sometimes in other co
unties, see, for example, Hampshire,}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
the text distinguishes between real hides and fiscal hides, upon which tax was assessed. In this instance, the figures for real hides and for the assessment before 1066 coincide; elsewhere they sometimes differ (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab OSWULF SON OF FRANI. See 15,5 Oswulf note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 21,2\tab BARWYTHE. Later transferred to Bedfordshire (JRM).}{
\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab BALDRIC <OF STUDHAM>. Note to be supplied (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab OSWULF SON OF FRANI. See 15,5 Oswulf note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 22,2\tab ESKIL OF WARE. See 25,2 Eskil note (JP)}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 23,1\tab "HAINSTONE".}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 Unidentified; also so spelt in 33,8. It may be a variant of Hinxworth}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Hainsteworde }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 in}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 28,7. 36,15; }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Haingesteworde }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 in}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 37,10). Ashwell and }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Hainstone }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
holdings are named together in 33,7-8, with the same holders before 1066 and also in 1086. Hinx
worth was an outlier of Ashwell in 36,15, also with the same holders both before 1066 and in 1086. In 37,10 Hinxworth also follows Ashwell, with the same 1086 holder, but different 1066 holders; but one of these Hinxworth holders before 1066 was a man of 
Archbishop Stigand's, as was the holder of }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Hainstone }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 in 23,1 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab LEODMER <OF BYGRAVE>. The manuscript has }{\i\insrsid4923298 Lemar}{\insrsid4923298 ;}{\i\insrsid4923298  }{\insrsid4923298 Leofmer is a possible alternative (JRM). [A }{\i\insrsid4923298 Ledmaer}{\insrsid4923298 
, Archbishop Stigand's man, had held Broadfield (7,3), suggesting that }{\i\insrsid4923298 Lemar }{\insrsid4923298 here, in 7,2 and in 23,2, represents Old English }{\i\insrsid4923298 Leodm\'e6r}{\insrsid4923298 : von Feilitzen, }{\i\insrsid4923298 
Pre-Conquest Personal Names of Domesday Book}{\insrsid4923298 , p. 310. The Alecto edition has Leodm\'e6r.]}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 23,2\tab [1 PLOUGH THERE]. The manuscript omits }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 7 ibi est i car'}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 probably by accident (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab LEODMER <OF BYGRAVE>.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  See 23,1 Leodmer note (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 23,3\tab [IN THE HALF-HUNDRED OF HITCHIN].}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  The hundred heading is added at the end of the section, presumably because it had been accidentally omitted at the beginning; see 17,3 (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 23,4\tab AMWELL. The entry in ESS 1,3 for Hatfield Broad Oak (TL5416), whose lands bordered}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
on Sawbridgeworth in Hertfordshire, held by Earl Harold before 1066, includes the statement 'attached to this manor before 1066 were three outliers in Hertford\-shire, Hertford, Amwell and Hoddesdon, which Ralph of Lim\'e9
sy now holds ... value of the three outliers then \'a312.' (JRM)}{\insrsid4923298 
\par \tab \tab Since Ralph's Amwell holding alone was valued at \'a318 before 1066, the outliers attached to Hatfield Broad Oak in Harold's time can only have included a portion of Amwell, and of the o
ther places. Ralph held some land at Hertford, since soon after 1086 he founded Hertford Priory and gave it 'one good hide of land at Hertford,' together with lands elsewhere (grant cited in }{\i\insrsid4923298 Monasticon Anglicanum}{\insrsid4923298 
, iii. p. 300 no. 1); since he acquired Earl
 Harold's Hertford outlier, his holding was evidently all or part of the land of Earl Harold's burgesses (B6), probably including the 24 acres 'which Ilbert took from Hertford and placed in Hailey' (see 34,13 Hertford note) which Ralph claimed. Ralph also
 
claimed from Hailey woodland 'which belongs to 3 hides of Amwell', also transferred by Ilbert, formerly held by one of Earl Harold's men. Since Hailey adjoins Hoddesdon and Hertford Heath, these three hides may be the outlier described in the Essex return
 as Hoddesdon. The Amwell outlier might be Little Amwell. But since Little Amwell formed part of the parish of All Saints, Hertford, until 1864, alternative localisations of Earl Harold's outliers are possible. See also 33,13 (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 

\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 24,1\tab EARL GYRTH. See 37,19 Gyrth note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 24,2\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 24,3\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 25,2\tab 17 HIDES AND \'bd VIRGATE. The details appear to total 18 hides and \'bd virgate (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab 7 BURGESSES. See B11 town note (JRM).}{
\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab [10 HIDES AND \'bd VIRGATE]. The '11th hide' implies the omission, after }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 maritagio}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 of }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 x hid' et dim virg' }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 (JRM).}{\i\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab WITH HIS NIECE.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  'Grand-daughter' is also grammatically possible (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab 11TH HIDE. See 44,1 (JRM)}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 

\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab [1]4 FREEMEN. [}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 x}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 ]}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 iiii}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 since they include 10 and 4 listed thereafter (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab 
ESKIL [* OF WARE *]. A substantial pre-Conquest landowner in Bedfordshire and Hertfordshire, identified by Round, }{\i\insrsid4923298 VCH Hertfordshire}{\insrsid4923298 , pp. 276, 284; Clarke, }{\i\insrsid4923298 English nobility}{\insrsid4923298 
, pp. 251-52; and Abels, 'Introduction', }{\i\insrsid4923298 Alecto Bedfordshire}{\insrsid4923298 , pp. 35-36. See also BDF 23,38 Eskil note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 26,1\tab 
WARE. Hugh of Grandmesnil acquired this estate by exchange: Domesday says of the Bedfordshire estates of Goldington (BDF 23,7;41-43), Salph (BDF 23,16) and 
Cople (BDF 23,49-55), lands which were held by Hugh of Beauchamp in 1086, that Ralph Tallboys 'had this land [or so many hides and virgates of it] in exchange for Ware'. In some cases the complete holding was not transferred. The exchange was presumably m
ade between Ralph Tallboys, who is recorded as the predecessor of Hugh of Beauchamp in BDF 17,2 (and see BDF 23,7 Ware note), and Hugh of Grandmesnil.}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab [A FURTHER 5 \'bd PLOUGHS POSSIBLE]. The details suggest that 7}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  adhuc v car' 7 dim' possunt fieri }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 was omitted (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab ESKIL OF WARE. See 25,2 Eskil note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL GYRTH. See 37,19 Gyrth note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 27,1\tab 
1 MILL. The figure is inserted into the manuscript, and is unclear. It probably intends }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 7 i. molin' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('and 1 mill'), but might possibly be read as }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 7 ii molin' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('
and 2 mills') (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 28,1\tab PETER [* OF VALOGNES *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab 
ALSTAN OF BOSCOMBE. Possibly Boscombe in Bournemouth, Hampshire, but more probably Boscombe in Wiltshire (SU2038), 8 miles north-east of Salisbury. Alstan was a substantial landholder, with land in Gloucestershire and Somerset, as well as in Hertfordshire
 and Bedfordshire; in Wiltshire (WIL 32,2) he held 'thaneland' of the Church of Salisbury at Littleton Pannell, 4 miles south of Devizes and 15 miles north-west of Boscombe (JRM).}{\insrsid4923298 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab \tab }{\insrsid4923298 See BDF 18,2 Alstan note for further detail (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 28,2\tab ALSTAN OF BOSCOMBE. See 28,1 Alstan note.}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 28,3\tab ALSTAN OF BOSCOMBE. See 28,1 Alstan note.}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 28,4\tab ALSTAN ^[OF BOSCOMBE]^. See 28,1 Alstan note .}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 28,5\tab ALSTAN OF BOSCOMBE. See 28,1 Alstan note.}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 28,6\tab ALSTAN [* OF BOSCOMBE *]. See 28,1 Alstan note.}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 28,7\tab HINXWORTH. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Hainsteuuorde }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 in the}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 manuscript; Farley misprints }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Hamsteuuorde }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab \'bd VIRGATE. The details of before 1066 make 2 hides 1 \'bd virgates; the text should perhaps be amended to }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 ii hid' 7 i virg' 7 dim'}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
but the sheriff's dues better match 2 hides and \'bd virgate; see 28,7 dues note (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab ALSTAN OF BOSCOMBE. See 28,1 Alstan note.}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab DUES. 8 \'bd
 d, as elsewhere in Domesday Hertfordshire, probably represents payment in lieu of }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 avera }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('cartage'), at 4d a hide, or 1d a virgate. It should therefore correspond to 2 hides and \'bd
 virgate; it is however possible that the virgate of Alstan's man was exempt from }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 avera }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 28,8\tab ALSTAN OF BOSCOMBE. See 28,1 Alstan note.}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 29,1\tab 9 VILLAGERS. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 viiii}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 with [}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 no}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ]}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 ue}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 [}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 m}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ]}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 interlined above it, corrected from }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 viii}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 . 'Nine' is more commonly written }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 ix}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  in Domesday (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab LEOFWIN [* OF CADDINGTON *]. See 13,1 Leofwin note (JP).}
{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 30,1\tab MUNDEN.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
 Probably Little Munden, see 16,2 Munden note (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab LEOFWIN [* OF CADDINGTON *]. See 13,1 Leofwin note (JP).}
{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 30,2\tab LEOFWIN [* OF CADDINGTON *]. See 13,1 Leofwin note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 30,3\tab LEOFWIN [* OF CADDINGTON *]. See 13,1 Leofwin note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 31\tab EUDO SON OF HUBERT. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
Eudo, the king's steward (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 31,1\tab HUMPHREY [* OF ANNEVILLE *]. Humphrey of Anneville, who also held from Eudo in Cambridgeshire; he may or may not be identical with the Humphrey who held from other Hertfordshire landholders (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab \tab His identify here is established by B5, which records that Humphrey of Anneville held a garden under Eudo (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab ESKIL [* OF WARE *]. See 25,2 Eskil note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab 
5d. The commutation was assessed on the land, at more than 1 }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 avera}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 though the single }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 avera }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
was due if the cart was actually provided (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 31,4\tab NEWSELLS.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  The entry duplicates Aldred's holding in 31,7 (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 31,6\tab RICHARD OF SACKVILLE. JRM rendered Domesday}{\i\insrsid4923298  sachanuilla }{\insrsid4923298 as Sackville, the modern surname, but referred in his note to}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  Tengvik, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 
Old English Bynames}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , pp. 111-12, who preferred Sacquenville (in the French d\'e9partement of Eure, arrondissement Evreux, }{\insrsid4923298 [canton Evreux-Nord]}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ) to Secqueville-en-Bassin (}{\insrsid4923298 
in the French d\'e9partement of Calvados: arrondissement Caen, [canton Creully]) }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 on phonological grounds. }{\insrsid4923298 There is no doubt that the Domesday forms of the name (}{\i\insrsid4923298 de Sachanuilla}{\insrsid4923298 
 here and }{\i\insrsid4923298 de Sacheuilla}{\insrsid4923298  in ESS 20,8, assuming a missed nunnation mark over the -}{\i\insrsid4923298 e}{\insrsid4923298 - in the latter) point to Sacquenville, early forms of which are }{\i\insrsid4923298 Sachenvilla}{
\insrsid4923298  (}{\i\insrsid4923298 c}{\insrsid4923298 .1060) }{\i\insrsid4923298 Sachenville}{\insrsid4923298  (1195), }{\i\insrsid4923298 Sakenvilla}{\insrsid4923298  (}{\i\insrsid4923298 c}{\insrsid4923298 
. 1210). The identification with Secqueville-en-Bessin (Round in }{\i\insrsid4923298 VCH Essex}{\insrsid4923298 , i. p. 379; Round, 'The Essex Sackvilles'; p. 218; Loyd, }{\i\insrsid4923298 Some Anglo-Norman Families}{\insrsid4923298 
, p. 88) depends on the fact that Secqueville is 7 miles from Ryes (in the French d\'e9partement of Calvados, arrondissement Bayeux), the place of origin of Eudo the steward f
rom whom Richard holds here. However, this Richard is presumably the same as the man who holds from Count Eustace in Essex. Eustace was Count of Boulogne far away in the Artois, now the French d\'e9
partement of Pas-de-Calais. There is no evidence that Richard was a follower of either man on the continent. Moreover, the early forms of Secqueville are }{\i\insrsid4923298 Sicca Villa}{\insrsid4923298  (1077), }{\i\insrsid4923298 Sechevilla}{
\insrsid4923298  (1155), }{\i\insrsid4923298 Secqueville}{\insrsid4923298  (1127); these are Latin }{\i\insrsid4923298 sicca villa}{\insrsid4923298  ('dry estate'), modern French 'ville s\'e8che'; they are not compatible with Domesday's }{
\i\insrsid4923298 de Sacha}{\insrsid4923298 (}{\i\insrsid4923298 n}{\insrsid4923298 )}{\i\insrsid4923298 uilla}{\insrsid4923298 . Keats-Rohan, }{\i\insrsid4923298 Domesday People}{\insrsid4923298 
, p. 361, has Richard originate from 'Sauqueville-en-Besin, Calvados, arr[ondissement] Caen, cant[on] Creully', but this is confusing since there is no Sauqueville-en-Besin, only Secqueville-en-Bessin. There is a Sauqueville in the French d\'e9
partement of Seine-Maritime (arrondissement Dieppe, canton Offranville) from which Round, }{\i\insrsid4923298 Peerage and Pedigree}{\insrsid4923298 , i. p. 287, and Loyd, }{\i\insrsid4923298 Some Anglo-Norman Families}{\insrsid4923298 
, p. 88, derived the Sackvilles who were the later earls of Dorset. The family of the Sackvilles of Essex probably descended from the present Richard and the form }{\i\insrsid4923298 Sackevilla}{\insrsid4923298 
 (1220) for Sacquenville shows the name in a transitional state; see Dauzat and Rostaing, }{\i\insrsid4923298 Dictionnaire des Noms de Lieux en France}{\insrsid4923298 , under Sacquenville, S\'e9cheval; Reaney, }{\i\insrsid4923298 
Dictionary of British Surnames}{\insrsid4923298 , under Sackville.}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 31,7\tab 21 SLAVES. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 xxi servus}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ;}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 singular after twenty-one is normal (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL ALGAR. See 37,19 Algar note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 

\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab 1d A YEAR. A letter}{\i\f710\cf1\insrsid4923298  \'fb }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 placed above the figure }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 i }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 probably means }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 unum }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 31,8\tab HUMPHREY [* OF ANNEVILLE *]. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Humphrey of Anneville; see 31,1 Humphrey note (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab HOLDS \'bd HIDE. [***]. A short space is left in the manuscript, perhaps for the missing place name (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 32,1\tab ONE OF THEM ANSWERS IN TRING HUNDRED. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Possibly Nettleden, adjoining Berkhamsted (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab 
SHOULD BE ASSESSED. This corrects the 'is assessed' of the Phillimore printed translation.}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab WULFWYNN [* OF CRESLOW *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 32,2\tab GODE <OF WOOLLEY>. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 See 34,4 Gode note (JRM)}{\insrsid4923298 .}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 33,1\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 33,2\tab MILLS. There is a gap in the manuscript between }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 ii }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 and }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 molin' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab LEOFWIN [* OF CADDINGTON *]. See 13,1 Leofwin note (JP).}
{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 33,3\tab ESGER [* THE CONSTABLE *]. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 33,5\tab THORKIL [* OF DIGSWELL *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 33,6\tab ESGER ^[THE CONSTABLE]^. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 33,7\tab GERMUND [* OF SAINT-OUEN *]. Germund o}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 f Saint-Ouen; see \{Appendix\} [under Odsey Hundred]. (JRM)}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER ^[THE CONSTABLE]^. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 33,8\tab "HAINSTONE".}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 See 23,1 "Hainstone" note (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab GERMUND [* OF SAINT-OUEN *]. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 See 33,7 Germund note (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab VALUE...3s. In the manuscript }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 iii sol' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 is perhaps an error for }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 iii lib' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (\'a33) (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 33,9\tab 
[HE HAS] 3 PLOUGHSHARES. Reckoned among dues elsewhere; here accusative, with no}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 subject or verb preceding; }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 habet }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('he has') is to be understood (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 

\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 33,10\tab ESGER ^[THE CONSTABLE]^. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 33,11\tab 40[s]. The manuscript has }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 
val }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 [}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 uit}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ] ... }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 xl soch }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 [}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 emannos}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ]}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
('Value 40 Freemen'), in error for }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 xl sol' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (40s) (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 33,12\tab 'STETCHWORTH'. Unidentified. 
There is a village with the same Domesday spelling, now Stetchworth (TL6458) in Cambridgeshire, three miles south of Newmarket. In 1086 it was divided between Ely Abbey, Hardwin of Scales, and Count Alan. No part of it is included in Geoffrey's Cambridges
hire holdings, but the recorded hides, less those 'taken away', total nine, one short of a 10-hide unit. It is possible that Geoffrey's one hide refers to Cambridgeshire, and was accidentally included}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
in his Hertfordshire return (see 15,2 Shenley note); but there may have been a place of}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 the same name, now lost, in Hertford Hundred (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab GERMUND [* OF SAINT-OUEN *]. See 33,7 Germund note.

\par \tab \tab Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER ^[THE CONSTABLE]^. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 33,13\tab HODDESDON. See 23,4 Amwell note (JRM).}{
\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab GODGYTH <OF THORLEY>. Note to be supplied (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 33,14\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 33,15\tab HUARD [* OF NOYERS *].}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
 Probably identical with }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Huart de Noderes}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  (probably from Noyers in Calvados; see}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Tengvik, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Old English Bynames}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
, p. 103). See \{Appendix\} [under 'Edwinstree' Hundred] (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab THORKIL [* OF DIGSWELL *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 33,16\tab ESGER ^[THE CONSTABLE]^. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 33,17\tab 
SAWBRIDGEWORTH. The details of the holdings appear to total 30 \'bd hides and}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 23 acres, in contrast with the total, given as 24 \'bd hides. Sizes of local holdings}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
are given for Hertfordshire here, and in the }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Eliensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  version of Ely holdings;}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
see HRT 8 Ely note. This small sample, of about 260 persons, gives very similar averages to those of Middlesex (see MDX \{Appendix\}); the Hertfordshire}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
averages, with the Middlesex averages given in brackets, are, in acres, villagers 21 (30);}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 smallholders 7 (7 \'bd ); cottagers with land l \'bd (1). Four 'men', two priests and a reeve}{\insrsid4923298  }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 held a hide or a half-hide each. 'Their payments' refers to pasture and woodland (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER ^[THE CONSTABLE]^. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 33,18\tab 5 VILLAGERS, WITH A MAN-AT-ARMS. Read }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Ibi v villani cum quodam milite }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab GODGYTH <OF THORLEY>. Note to be supplied (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 33,19\tab GODGYTH <OF THORLEY>. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 33,20\tab ESGER ^[THE CONSTABLE]^. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 34,1\tab EARL LEOFWIN. See 5,10 Leofwin note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 34,4\tab GODE <OF WOOLLEY> AND HER SON. The name }{
\i\insrsid4923298 Gode}{\insrsid4923298 , }{\i\insrsid4923298 Goda}{\insrsid4923298  can be either male or female. Joint holdings by a widow and her son (for example, 36,19) are more probable than by a father and son. In Huntingdonshire }{
\i\insrsid4923298 Gode}{\insrsid4923298  and her son Wulfric (HUN 19,21; spelt }{\i\insrsid4923298 Golde}{\insrsid4923298  in HUN 29,5) held 3 \'bd hides at Woolley before 1066, an
d retained 3 of them in 1086. [See HUN 19,21 Gode note.] Gode kept none of her 7 hides and 33 acres in Hertfordshire. Three of these holdings she held from Queen Edith, and she is therefore probably also identical with Gode, King Edward's 'man', in 17,4. 
She was probably not the same woman as Godgyth, who was consistently Asgar the Constable's 'man' in Hertfordshire, but might possibly be identical, since a Hertfordshire Wulfric was also Asgar's man (33,8) (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab [* WULFRIC *]. See 34,4 Gode note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 

\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 34,5\tab LANGLEY. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
In Broadwater Hundred, on the borders of Hitchin Half-Hundred, to which it was}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 later transferred. The }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
, p. 17, wrongly attributes all Domesday }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Langelei }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 spellings to Kings Langley and Abbots Langley (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 

\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 34,7\tab WILLIAN. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Wilie }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 in Broadwater Hundred (}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 147) is distinct from }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Welei }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (Wain in Hitchin Half-Hundred:}{\insrsid4923298  }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 14), and from }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Welle }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (Wellbury in Hitchin Half-Hundred: }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
, p. 20), as also from }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Wilge }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 etc. which is Welwyn; see 7,4 Welwyn note (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL LEOFWIN. See 5,10 Leofwin note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 34,8\tab 
'RODHANGER'. Its bounds are given in Napier and Stevenson, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Crawford Charters}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , no. 11, pp. 24-27 [= }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Early Charters of the Thames Valley}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
, pp. 88-89 no. 177 = Sawyer, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Anglo-Saxon Charters}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , no. 916]. It lay between Norton and the 'Street', the}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
Roman road, either northward or westward from the then deserted site of Baldock, see 42,13. The words of the charter bounds, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 aet Bradan waetere of smethan hleawe}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
might be understood as 'At (the boundary of) Broadwater}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (Hundred), from the smooth mound (? barrow)'. The place lay on the border}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
between Broadwater Hundred and Odsey Hundred (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 34,9\tab FROM GEOFFREY. A Farley misprint omits }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 de }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('from') (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab 
"WIGAR". It is not certain what name is represented by the Domesday form }{\i\insrsid4923298 Wigar}{\insrsid4923298  here and in 34,10 and 37,7, the last a 1086 tenant of Hardwin of Scales. See von Feilitzen, }{\i\insrsid4923298 Pre-Conquest Personal Name
s of Domesday Book}{\insrsid4923298 , p. 413. It has therefore been decided for the present edition to keep to the Domesday form. The Phillimore printed translation has Withgar. The Alecto edition has Wigar.}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 34,10\tab "WIGAR". See 34,9 "Wigar" note.}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 34,11\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 34,12\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ^[EARL]^ HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 34,13\tab WULFWIN [* OF EASTWICK *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab HERTFORD. For the translation, see }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 quas sumpsit comes Morit' de Tredung' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (15,6 etc.). 'Ilbert of Hertford' (as 1,11; also CAM 33,10) is a possible alternative (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 34,16\tab 
ELAF <OF BENGEO>. Elaf is an uncommon name, occurring on nine holdings in seven counties, all but one of them held from di
fferent tenants-in-chief. Although he had no discernible connections with other Elafs, the royal thane who held this handsome manor before the Conquest might well be the same individual as his Gloucestershire namesake, another substantial landowner: two s
uch, with an uncommon name, would be surprising; see also GLS 26,2 Elaf note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 34,23\tab GEOFFREY [* OF 'RUNEVILLE' *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 34,24\tab WULFWIN [* OF EASTWICK *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 35,1\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 35,2\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 35,3\tab EARL ALGAR. See 37,19 Algar note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EDEVA THE FAIR. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL RALPH. See 16,2 Ralph note (JRM).}{
\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 36\tab PETER OF VALOGNES. Sheriff of Hertfordshire in 1086 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 36,2\tab ALMER [* OF BENNINGTON *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}
{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 36,3\tab 
"LEMAR". In the printed Phillimore edition this name was rendered Ledmer. As von Feilitzen, }{\i\insrsid4923298 Pre-Conquest Personal Names of Domesday Book}{\insrsid4923298 , p. 309, was unsure as to whether the Domesday form }{\i\insrsid4923298 Lemar'}{
\insrsid4923298  represented Old English }{\i\insrsid4923298 Leofm\'e6r }{\insrsid4923298 or Old English }{\i\insrsid4923298 Leodm\'e6r}{\insrsid4923298 
, and left his headword as Lemar, it has been thought safest for the present edition to keep to the Domesday form. The Alecto edition has Lemar. This is the only occurrence of this name-form in Domesday Hertfordshire.}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 36,4\tab ALWIN DOD[SON]. See 42,6 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 36,6\tab HIS OWN PLOUGHS. Included in the estimate for 36,7 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 36,8\tab LEOFRUN ... MAN ... SHE. }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Homo }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 here includes 'woman' (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 36,9\tab VALUE OF THIS LAND 2s BEFORE 1066. Possibly 'Value of this land 2s; before 1066 [....]'. At the beginning of the next line, the -}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 n}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 - of }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 tenuit }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 is stretched in an extraordinary}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 manner, to cover the space of three or four normal letters (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 36,10\tab ALMER [* OF BENNINGTON *]. Note to be supplied (JP).
}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 36,11\tab LEOFWIN [* OF CADDINGTON *]. See 13,1 Leofwin note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab THESE FOUR ... MEN. The manuscript has }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Ipsi}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ;}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Farley misprints }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Ipse }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (JRM).}{\i\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab ESKIL OF WARE. See 25,2 Eskil note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 36,15\tab ALMER [* OF BENNINGTON *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 36,17\tab 
FLEXMORE. A field in Kings Walden preserves the name: }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Place-names of Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 23 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 36,19\tab HEALFDENE [* OF TEWIN *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}
{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab RICHARD. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 King William's second son,
 killed in youth in a hunting accident in the}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 New Forest about 1081, when he was riding hard and was swept from his horse by a tree branch (Ordericus Vitalis, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Ecclesiastical History}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298  [Chibnall, iii. pp. 114-115] and later writers). Healfdene's connection wi
th the tragedy is not known. The king's grandson, and his third son, William Rufus, were also killed while hunting in the New Forest, and popular opinion attributed their deaths to a curse brought upon the king in retribution for the destruction caused wh
en he created the Forest (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 37\tab HARDWIN OF SCALES}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 . The }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Eliensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  (folio 49a 2; Hamilton, p. 124; see \{Introduction: Related or 'Satellite' Texts\}) includes a summary total of his}{
\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 Hertfordshire holdings. The summary gives separately the lands held by Hardwin himself in lordship, and those held from him by his }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 milites }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
('men-at-arms'), a normal collective term in Domesday and associated texts for those who hold from a listed landholder. Modern English 'tenants' differs in meaning from Domesday }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 tenentes terras }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
(landholders), and 'under-tenants' does not well translate }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 milites }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 or its alternatives }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 homines}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
and, occasionally (for example, }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Liber Exoniensis}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , folio 72) }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 barones }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('men' and 'barons'). In 1086, the Latin words described the armed retainers of 
recent conquerors, maintained by holdings of land,}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 to hold down a conquered people; fifty years later, the risk of a}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 
national rebellion had receded. See the Abingdon Chronicle (Stevenson, ii. p. 3) (JRM).}{\insrsid4923298 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab \tab The Ely figures (with an addition of the Domesday figures given in brackets), group Freemen and priests with villagers, cottagers with smallholders. The figures are:
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 
\par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2177\clshdrawnil \cellx2069\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3191\clshdrawnil \cellx5260\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3380\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\pard \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl
\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 \cell Hardwin's Lordship\cell }\pard \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 
Hardwin's men-at-arms\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow0\irowband0
\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2177\clshdrawnil \cellx2069\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3191\clshdrawnil \cellx5260\clvertalt\clbrdrt
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3380\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\trowd \irow1\irowband1
\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2177\clshdrawnil \cellx2069
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3191\clshdrawnil \cellx5260\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 
\clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3380\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 Manors\cell 10\'86 (5)}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }\pard \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {
\fs20\insrsid4923298 10 (18)}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow1\irowband1
\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2177\clshdrawnil \cellx2069
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3191\clshdrawnil \cellx5260\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 
\clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3380\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 Hides\cell 22 h. 3 \'bd v. (21 h. 3 \'bd v.)}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }\pard \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl
\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 18 \'bd (18 \'bd)\'87}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow2\irowband2\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2177\clshdrawnil \cellx2069\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3191\clshdrawnil 
\cellx5260\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3380\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl
\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 Lordship ploughs\cell 8 \'bd (8 \'bd)\cell }\pard \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl
\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 6\'b1 (2)}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow3\irowband3\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2177\clshdrawnil \cellx2069\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3191\clshdrawnil 
\cellx5260\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3380\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl
\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 Villagers\cell 42 (39)\cell }\pard \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl
\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 17 (17)\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {
\fs20\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow4\irowband4\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2177\clshdrawnil \cellx2069\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3191\clshdrawnil \cellx5260\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone 
\clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3380\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl
\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 Smallholders}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }{\fs20\insrsid4923298 28 (27)\cell }\pard 
\s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 72 (71)\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow5\irowband5\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 
\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2177\clshdrawnil \cellx2069\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3191\clshdrawnil \cellx5260\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3380\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\pard\plain 
\s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 Slaves\cell 14 (4)}{\fs20\up7\insrsid4923298 +}{\insrsid4923298 \cell 
}\pard \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 10 (10)\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow6\irowband6\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 
\clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2177\clshdrawnil \cellx2069\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone 
\cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3191\clshdrawnil \cellx5260\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3380\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\pard\plain 
\s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 Villagers' ploughs\cell 16 \'bd (16 \'bd)\cell }\pard 
\s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 13\'a7 (16)}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow7\irowband7\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb
\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2177\clshdrawnil \cellx2069\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3191\clshdrawnil 
\cellx5260\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3380\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl
\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 Value (}{\i\fs20\insrsid4923298 pretium}{\fs20\insrsid4923298 )}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }{\fs20\insrsid4923298 \'a3
23 8s (\'a323 8s)\cell }\pard \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\intbl\tx1080\tx1440\aspalpha\faauto\rin0\lin1080\pararsid5309234 {\fs20\insrsid4923298 \'a316 5s (\'a316 5s)\u8800\'3f}{\insrsid4923298 \cell }\pard\plain 
\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \trowd \irow8\irowband8\lastrow 
\ts11\trleft-108\trftsWidth1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2177\clshdrawnil \cellx2069
\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrr\brdrnone \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3191\clshdrawnil \cellx5260\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrnone \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 
\clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw5\brdrcf1 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3380\clshdrawnil \cellx8640\row }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 
\fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab (In all) land for 53 ploughs (53)}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab \'86 Manuscript B has xvii, with x inserted above.}{
\fs20\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab \'87 Domesday, 18 hides 1 virgate 28 \'bd acres; 1 \'bd acres short of 18 \'bd hides.}{\fs20\insrsid4923298 
\par }{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab \'b1 }{\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 v}{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298  in}{\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 manuscript C; the discrepancy probably originates from}{\fs20\insrsid4923298  }{
\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 ii }{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 miscopied as }{\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 v}{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 a common manuscript error.}{\fs20\insrsid4923298 
\par }{\fs20\cf1\up6\insrsid4923298 \tab +}{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298   }{\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 iiii}{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 evidently for }{\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 xiiii}{
\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 .}{\fs20\insrsid4923298 
\par }{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 \tab \'a7 }{\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 xiii }{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 is probably a misreading of }{\i\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 xvi}{\fs20\cf1\insrsid4923298 .}{\fs20\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab \u8800\'3f Emended from \'a315 by Hardwin (JRM)}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 37,1\tab ESKIL OF WARE. See 25,2 Eskil note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 37,2\tab EARL ALGAR. See 37,19 Algar note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 37,4\tab ESKIL OF WARE. See 25,2 Eskil note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 37,6\tab "WISGAR" [* "WIGAR" OF ORWELL *]. The Domesday form }{\i\insrsid4923298 Wisgar}{\insrsid4923298  here is probably a scribal error for }{\i\insrsid4923298 Wigar}{\insrsid4923298 
, which is the form in the next entry (37,7). One of the jurors in the Two Hundreds of Broadwater recorded in the }{\i\insrsid4923298 Inquisitio Eliensis }{\insrsid4923298 (see \{Appendix\}) is called }{\i\insrsid4923298 Wigar }{\insrsid4923298 of 
Orwell, almost certainly the same man as here and in 37,7. See 34,9 "Wigar" note.}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 37,7\tab "WIGAR" [* OF ORWELL *]. See 37,6 "Wigar" note.}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 37,8\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 37,11\tab EARL ALGAR. See 37,19 Algar note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL GYRTH. See 37,19 Gyrth note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 37,12\tab EARL ALGAR. See 37,19 Algar note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 37,14\tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL ALGAR. See 37,19 Algar note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 37,15\tab EARL ALGAR. See 37,19 Algar note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 37,18\tab EARL ALGAR. See 37,19 Algar note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 37,19\tab EDEVA THE FAIR. See 5,16 Edeva note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab [* EARL *] ALGAR. Earl Gyrth, as in 37,11 (JRM).
\par \tab \tab Earl Algar was the son of Earl Leofric and Countess Godiva, and father of earls Edwin and Morcar; he was Earl of East Anglia (1051-1057) and of Mercia (1057-62). He was probably dead by 1063, see Harmer, }{\i\insrsid4923298 Anglo-Saxon}{
\insrsid4923298  }{\i\insrsid4923298 Writs}{\insrsid4923298 , pp. 546-47. His stormy political career is documented in Maund, }{\i\insrsid4923298 Ireland, Wales and England}{\insrsid4923298  (JP).
\par \tab \tab Although the name Algar is a common one, the earl c
an be identified with reasonable confidence on a number of manors where his title is omitted. The Algar who held royal manors in Derby (DBY B14. 1,8), Essex (ESS 1,9;12-13) and Suffolk (SUF 1,121) is almost certainly the earl (though disguised as Earl Edg
ar in ESS 1,9), as is the Algar who held the valuable (\'a3
25) manor of Broadwell (OXF 54,1), probably also once a royal manor since it was in the hands of Princess Christina in 1086. The Algar of NTT 30,26 is also shown to he the earl by its dependency on NTT 1,59-60. See also Clarke, }{\i\insrsid4923298 
English Nobility}{\insrsid4923298 , pp. 206-212, whose list omits some dependencies and CAM 14,27. 26,17;19;26. ESS 41,2. 82,1. GLS 34,2. NTT 27,1 (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab [* EARL *] GYRTH. Earl Gyrth, as in 37,11 (JRM).
\par \tab \tab Although the name Gyrth occurs more than 1
50 times in Domesday Book, it is probable that all pre-Conquest occurrences (only two are post-Conquest) refer to one individual, Earl Gyrth Godwinson, King Harold's brother. Despite the fact that he is identified by his title in scarcely one case in seve
n
, two principle factors aid his identification elsewhere: the massive disproportion in the distribution of the name, fewer than two dozen holdings being outside East Anglia (where Gyrth was the earl), and the heavy preponderance of Gyrth as a lord of men 
r
ather than as a landowner in his own right. Additionally, the Gyrth holding a large number of royal manors in Norfolk and Suffolk is evidently the earl; and he can also be identified as the predecessor of Hardwin of Scales in Cambridgeshire and Hertfordsh
i
re. In the few cases outside East Anglia where unidentified Gyrths are recorded, the status of the holding and other factors indicate the earl. In the Sussex heartland of the Godwinsons, for instance, the two substantial manors of Coombes and Merston (SUS
 
13,19. 11,110) were almost certainly held by the earl: apart from their status, both are adjacent to other Godwinson manors, Coombes being close to Earl Gyrth's own huge manor of Washington (SUS 13,9). Similar considerations suggest that the handsome mano
rs of Hartley Mauditt (BRK 30,1) and Eaton Hastings (HAM 35,2), both held in freehold from the Crown, had also belonged to the earl. See also Clarke, }{\i\insrsid4923298 English Nobility}{\insrsid4923298 
, pp. 194-200, whose list omits NFK 9,159. 29,9. 34,9. 52,3. 57,1 and SUF 7,75. 21,30;62. 31,34. 74,7 (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab OF THIS VIRGATE.}{\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Virga }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 is a normal variant of }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 virgata }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 37,20\tab EARL ALGAR. See 37,19 Algar note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 37,21\tab WULFRIC WARDEN. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 See Tengvik, }{
\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Old English Bynames}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , p. 275 (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 37,22\tab 4 HIDES. So the manuscript. Farley misprints }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 iii. hidae }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 

\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 38\tab PRINCE EDGAR. }{\i\insrsid4923298 Aetheling }{
\insrsid4923298 
('prince'). Great-nephew of Edward the Confessor, and formally heir to his throne. A child in 1066, London acclaimed him as king during the few weeks' resistance after Harold's death at Hastings. He lived until 1125 or later, pardoned by William after par
ticipating in the rebellion of 1069, and after periods as a refugee in Scotland and in Flanders (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 38,1\tab GODWIN [* OF HORMEAD *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 38,2\tab GODWIN [* OF HORMEAD *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ALNOTH [* GRUTT *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 39,1\tab ENGELRIC [* THE PRIEST *]. See 15,4 Engelric note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 40,1\tab 
MEPPERSHALL. See BDF 48,1, under Gilbert's lands, 'Meppershall ... answers for 4 hides in Bedfordshire. In Hertfordshire this village answers for 3 hides and 1 virgate (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab LEOFWIN [* OF CADDINGTON *]. See 13,1 Leofwin note (JP).}
{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 41,1\tab 10s [[\'a310?]]. Probably either 110s or \'a3
10, miscopied in the manuscript (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 42,1\tab DEORMANN [* BROTHER OF
 LEOFSTAN *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab ALWARD [* OF MARDLEY *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 42,2\tab DEORMANN [* BROTHER OF LEOFSTAN *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 42,3\tab DEORMANN [* BROTHER OF LEOFSTAN *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 42,4\tab DEORMANN [* BROTHER OF LEOFSTAN *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 42,5\tab DEORMANN [* BROTHER OF LEOFSTAN *]. Note to be supplied (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 42,6\tab ESGER THE CONSTABLE. See 17,10 Esger note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 42,7\tab GODE <OF WOOLLEY>. }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 See 34,4 Gode note (JRM)}{\insrsid4923298 .}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 42,13\tab 
'RODHANGER'. See 34,8 'Rodhanger' note. Perhaps Norton Bury, beneath a 'hanger', a (wooded) slope (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 42,14\tab EARL LEOFWIN. See 5,10 Leofwin note (JP).}{
\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid4923298 42a,1\tab \'a3
33. So the manuscript. In the facsimile the dot after the figure is smeared, giving}{\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 the appearance of }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 xxxiiii }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 instead of }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 xxxiii}{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 ;}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 the error is repeated in }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 VCH Hertfordshire}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 , i. p. 343 (JRM).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 43,1\tab MEADOW, 6s. Possibly an unusual valuation; but perhaps }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 vi sol' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 is a transcription error for }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 vi car' }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ('6 ploughs') (JRM).}{
\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 44,1\tab HUNSDON. The manuscript has }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Hodesdone}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{\cf1\insrsid4923298 evidently }{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298 Honesdone}{\cf1\insrsid4923298 ;}{\i\cf1\insrsid4923298  }{
\cf1\insrsid4923298 see 25,2 (JRM).}{\cf1\insrsid5309234 
\par }\pard\plain \s20\ql \fi-1080\li1080\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx1080\tx1440\nooverflow\faauto\rin0\lin1080\itap0\pararsid5309234 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid4923298 \tab LEOFWIN [* OF CADDINGTON *]. See 13,1 Leofwin note (JP).}
{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 \tab EARL HAROLD. See 17,4 Harold note (JP).}{\insrsid5309234 
\par }{\insrsid4923298 
\par }}