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Greek;}{\f682\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Verdana Ref Tur;}{\f683\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Verdana Ref Baltic;} {\f684\fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Verdana Ref (Vietnamese);}{\f685\froman\fcharset238\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Georgia Ref CE;}{\f686\froman\fcharset204\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Georgia Ref Cyr;} {\f687\froman\fcharset161\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Georgia Ref Greek;}{\f688\froman\fcharset162\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Georgia Ref Tur;}{\f689\froman\fcharset186\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Georgia Ref Baltic;} {\f690\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Gill Sans MT CE;}{\f691\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Gill Sans MT Condensed CE;} {\f692\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Gill Sans Ultra Bold CE;}{\f693\fnil\fcharset0\fprq2{\*\panose 00000400000000000000}Sydnie;}{\f694\fnil\fcharset161\fprq2{\*\panose 00000000000000000000}Sydnie Greek;} {\f695\fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2 Arial Baltic;}{\f696\fmodern\fcharset0\fprq1 Courier New Baltic;}{\f697\froman\fcharset0\fprq2 Times New Roman CE;}{\f698\fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2 Arial CE;}{\f699\fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2 Arial Greek;} {\f700\fmodern\fcharset0\fprq1 Courier New CE;}{\f701\fmodern\fcharset0\fprq1 Courier New Greek;}{\f702\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Times New Roman CE{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f703\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Times New Roman Cyr{\*\falt Times New Roman};} {\f705\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Times New Roman Greek{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f706\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Times New Roman Tur{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f707\froman\fcharset177\fprq2 Times New Roman (Hebrew){\*\falt Times New Roman};} {\f708\froman\fcharset178\fprq2 Times New Roman (Arabic){\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f709\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Times New Roman Baltic{\*\falt Times New Roman};}{\f710\froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Times New Roman (Vietnamese){\*\falt Times New Roman};} {\f712\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Arial CE;}{\f713\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Arial Cyr;}{\f715\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Arial Greek;}{\f716\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Arial Tur;}{\f717\fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Arial (Hebrew);} {\f718\fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Arial (Arabic);}{\f719\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Arial Baltic;}{\f720\fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Arial (Vietnamese);}{\f722\fmodern\fcharset238\fprq1 Courier New CE;}{\f723\fmodern\fcharset204\fprq1 Courier New Cyr;} {\f725\fmodern\fcharset161\fprq1 Courier New Greek;}{\f726\fmodern\fcharset162\fprq1 Courier New Tur;}{\f727\fmodern\fcharset177\fprq1 Courier New (Hebrew);}{\f728\fmodern\fcharset178\fprq1 Courier New (Arabic);} {\f729\fmodern\fcharset186\fprq1 Courier New Baltic;}{\f730\fmodern\fcharset163\fprq1 Courier New (Vietnamese);}{\f742\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Helvetica CE;}{\f743\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Helvetica Cyr;}{\f745\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Helvetica Greek;} {\f746\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Helvetica Tur;}{\f747\fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Helvetica (Hebrew);}{\f748\fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Helvetica (Arabic);}{\f749\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Helvetica Baltic;} {\f750\fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Helvetica (Vietnamese);}{\f814\fmodern\fcharset0\fprq1 MS Mincho Western{\*\falt ?l?r ??\'81\'66c};}{\f812\fmodern\fcharset238\fprq1 MS Mincho CE{\*\falt ?l?r ??\'81\'66c};} {\f813\fmodern\fcharset204\fprq1 MS Mincho Cyr{\*\falt ?l?r ??\'81\'66c};}{\f815\fmodern\fcharset161\fprq1 MS Mincho Greek{\*\falt ?l?r ??\'81\'66c};}{\f816\fmodern\fcharset162\fprq1 MS Mincho Tur{\*\falt ?l?r ??\'81\'66c};} {\f819\fmodern\fcharset186\fprq1 MS Mincho Baltic{\*\falt ?l?r ??\'81\'66c};}{\f824\froman\fcharset0\fprq2 Batang Western{\*\falt ??\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE?E\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE\'a1\'cb\'a2\'e7EcEc\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE\'a1\'cb\'a2\'e7EcE?};} {\f822\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Batang CE{\*\falt ??\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE?E\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE\'a1\'cb\'a2\'e7EcEc\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE\'a1\'cb\'a2\'e7EcE?};} {\f823\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Batang Cyr{\*\falt ??\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE?E\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE\'a1\'cb\'a2\'e7EcEc\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE\'a1\'cb\'a2\'e7EcE?};} {\f825\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Batang Greek{\*\falt ??\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE?E\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE\'a1\'cb\'a2\'e7EcEc\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE\'a1\'cb\'a2\'e7EcE?};} {\f826\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Batang Tur{\*\falt ??\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE?E\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE\'a1\'cb\'a2\'e7EcEc\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE\'a1\'cb\'a2\'e7EcE?};} {\f829\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Batang Baltic{\*\falt ??\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE?E\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE\'a1\'cb\'a2\'e7EcEc\'a2\'aeE\'a1\'cbcE\'a1\'cb\'a2\'e7EcE?};}{\f834\fnil\fcharset0\fprq2 SimSun Western{\*\falt ????????\'a1\'a7?????};} {\f912\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Century CE;}{\f913\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Century Cyr;}{\f915\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Century Greek;}{\f916\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Century Tur;}{\f919\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Century Baltic;} {\f924\froman\fcharset0\fprq2 Angsana New;}{\f934\froman\fcharset0\fprq2 Cordia New;}{\f962\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Sylfaen CE;}{\f963\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Sylfaen Cyr;}{\f965\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Sylfaen Greek;} {\f966\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Sylfaen Tur;}{\f969\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Sylfaen Baltic;}{\f1044\fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS Western;}{\f1042\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS CE;} {\f1043\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS Cyr;}{\f1045\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS Greek;}{\f1046\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS Tur;}{\f1047\fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS (Hebrew);} {\f1048\fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS (Arabic);}{\f1049\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS Baltic;}{\f1050\fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS (Vietnamese);}{\f1051\fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 Arial Unicode MS (Thai);} {\f1052\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Tahoma CE;}{\f1053\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Tahoma Cyr;}{\f1055\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Tahoma Greek;}{\f1056\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Tahoma Tur;}{\f1057\fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Tahoma (Hebrew);} {\f1058\fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Tahoma (Arabic);}{\f1059\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Tahoma Baltic;}{\f1060\fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Tahoma (Vietnamese);}{\f1061\fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 Tahoma (Thai);}{\f1112\fmodern\fcharset238\fprq1 Lucida Console CE;} {\f1113\fmodern\fcharset204\fprq1 Lucida Console Cyr;}{\f1115\fmodern\fcharset161\fprq1 Lucida Console Greek;}{\f1116\fmodern\fcharset162\fprq1 Lucida Console Tur;}{\f1122\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Verdana CE;}{\f1123\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Verdana Cyr;} {\f1125\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Verdana Greek;}{\f1126\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Verdana Tur;}{\f1129\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Verdana Baltic;}{\f1130\fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Verdana (Vietnamese);}{\f1132\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Arial Black CE;} {\f1133\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Arial Black Cyr;}{\f1135\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Arial Black Greek;}{\f1136\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Arial Black Tur;}{\f1139\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Arial Black Baltic;} {\f1142\fscript\fcharset238\fprq2 Comic Sans MS CE;}{\f1143\fscript\fcharset204\fprq2 Comic Sans MS Cyr;}{\f1145\fscript\fcharset161\fprq2 Comic Sans MS Greek;}{\f1146\fscript\fcharset162\fprq2 Comic Sans MS Tur;} {\f1149\fscript\fcharset186\fprq2 Comic Sans MS Baltic;}{\f1152\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Impact CE;}{\f1153\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Impact Cyr;}{\f1155\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Impact Greek;}{\f1156\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Impact Tur;} {\f1159\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Impact Baltic;}{\f1162\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Georgia CE;}{\f1163\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Georgia Cyr;}{\f1165\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Georgia Greek;}{\f1166\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Georgia Tur;} {\f1169\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Georgia Baltic;}{\f1172\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Medium CE;}{\f1173\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Medium Cyr;}{\f1175\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Medium Greek;} {\f1176\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Medium Tur;}{\f1179\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Medium Baltic;}{\f1182\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Palatino Linotype CE;}{\f1183\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Palatino Linotype Cyr;} {\f1185\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Palatino Linotype Greek;}{\f1186\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Palatino Linotype Tur;}{\f1189\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Palatino Linotype Baltic;}{\f1190\froman\fcharset163\fprq2 Palatino Linotype (Vietnamese);} {\f1192\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Trebuchet MS CE;}{\f1193\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Trebuchet MS Cyr;}{\f1195\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Trebuchet MS Greek;}{\f1196\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Trebuchet MS Tur;} {\f1199\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Trebuchet MS Baltic;}{\f1222\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Microsoft Sans Serif CE;}{\f1223\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Microsoft Sans Serif Cyr;}{\f1225\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Microsoft Sans Serif Greek;} {\f1226\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Microsoft Sans Serif Tur;}{\f1227\fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Microsoft Sans Serif (Hebrew);}{\f1228\fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 Microsoft Sans Serif (Arabic);}{\f1229\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Microsoft Sans Serif Baltic;} {\f1230\fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 Microsoft Sans Serif (Vietnamese);}{\f1231\fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 Microsoft Sans Serif (Thai);}{\f1235\fnil\fcharset161\fprq2 Alba Greek;}{\f1245\fnil\fcharset161\fprq2 Alba Matter Greek;} {\f1255\fnil\fcharset161\fprq2 Alba Super Greek;}{\f1265\fnil\fcharset161\fprq2 Baby Kruffy Greek;}{\f1275\fnil\fcharset161\fprq2 Chick Greek;}{\f1285\fnil\fcharset161\fprq2 Croobie Greek;}{\f1305\fnil\fcharset161\fprq2 Freshbot Greek;} {\f1315\fnil\fcharset161\fprq2 Frosty Greek;}{\f1325\fnil\fcharset161\fprq2 GlooGun Greek;}{\f1335\fnil\fcharset161\fprq2 Jenkins v2.0 Greek;}{\f1375\fnil\fcharset161\fprq2 Pussycat Greek;}{\f1385\fnil\fcharset161\fprq2 Weltron Urban Greek;} {\f1392\fscript\fcharset238\fprq2 Mistral CE;}{\f1393\fscript\fcharset204\fprq2 Mistral Cyr;}{\f1395\fscript\fcharset161\fprq2 Mistral Greek;}{\f1396\fscript\fcharset162\fprq2 Mistral Tur;}{\f1399\fscript\fcharset186\fprq2 Mistral Baltic;} {\f1402\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Lucida Sans Unicode CE;}{\f1403\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Lucida Sans Unicode Cyr;}{\f1405\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Lucida Sans Unicode Greek;}{\f1406\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Lucida Sans Unicode Tur;} {\f1407\fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 Lucida Sans Unicode (Hebrew);}{\f1522\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Book CE;}{\f1523\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Book Cyr;}{\f1525\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Book Greek;} {\f1526\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Book Tur;}{\f1529\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Book Baltic;}{\f1532\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Demi CE;}{\f1533\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Demi Cyr;} {\f1535\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Demi Greek;}{\f1536\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Demi Tur;}{\f1539\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Demi Baltic;}{\f1542\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Medium Cond CE;} {\f1543\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Medium Cond Cyr;}{\f1545\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Medium Cond Greek;}{\f1546\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Medium Cond Tur;} {\f1549\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Franklin Gothic Medium Cond Baltic;}{\f1562\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Century Gothic CE;}{\f1563\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Century Gothic Cyr;}{\f1565\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Century Gothic Greek;} {\f1566\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Century Gothic Tur;}{\f1569\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Century Gothic Baltic;}{\f1684\fswiss\fcharset0\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS Western;}{\f1682\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS CE;} {\f1683\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS Cyr;}{\f1685\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS Greek;}{\f1686\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS Tur;}{\f1687\fswiss\fcharset177\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS (Hebrew);} {\f1688\fswiss\fcharset178\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS (Arabic);}{\f1689\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS Baltic;}{\f1690\fswiss\fcharset163\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS (Vietnamese);}{\f1691\fswiss\fcharset222\fprq2 @Arial Unicode MS (Thai);} {\f1694\froman\fcharset0\fprq2 @Batang Western;}{\f1692\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 @Batang CE;}{\f1693\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 @Batang Cyr;}{\f1695\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 @Batang Greek;}{\f1696\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 @Batang Tur;} {\f1699\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 @Batang Baltic;}{\f1702\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Book Antiqua CE;}{\f1703\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Book Antiqua Cyr;}{\f1705\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Book Antiqua Greek;}{\f1706\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Book Antiqua Tur;} {\f1709\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Book Antiqua Baltic;}{\f1712\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Bookman Old Style CE;}{\f1713\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Bookman Old Style Cyr;}{\f1715\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Bookman Old Style Greek;} {\f1716\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Bookman Old Style Tur;}{\f1719\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Bookman Old Style Baltic;}{\f1722\froman\fcharset238\fprq2 Garamond CE;}{\f1723\froman\fcharset204\fprq2 Garamond Cyr;} {\f1725\froman\fcharset161\fprq2 Garamond Greek;}{\f1726\froman\fcharset162\fprq2 Garamond Tur;}{\f1729\froman\fcharset186\fprq2 Garamond Baltic;}{\f1732\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Haettenschweiler CE;}{\f1733\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Haettenschweiler Cyr;} {\f1735\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Haettenschweiler Greek;}{\f1736\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Haettenschweiler Tur;}{\f1739\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Haettenschweiler Baltic;}{\f1744\fmodern\fcharset0\fprq1 @MS Mincho Western;} {\f1742\fmodern\fcharset238\fprq1 @MS Mincho CE;}{\f1743\fmodern\fcharset204\fprq1 @MS Mincho Cyr;}{\f1745\fmodern\fcharset161\fprq1 @MS Mincho Greek;}{\f1746\fmodern\fcharset162\fprq1 @MS Mincho Tur;}{\f1749\fmodern\fcharset186\fprq1 @MS Mincho Baltic;} {\f1762\fscript\fcharset238\fprq2 Monotype Corsiva CE;}{\f1763\fscript\fcharset204\fprq2 Monotype Corsiva Cyr;}{\f1765\fscript\fcharset161\fprq2 Monotype Corsiva Greek;}{\f1766\fscript\fcharset162\fprq2 Monotype Corsiva Tur;} {\f1769\fscript\fcharset186\fprq2 Monotype Corsiva Baltic;}{\f1774\fnil\fcharset0\fprq2 @SimSun Western;}{\f1792\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Arial Narrow CE;}{\f1793\fswiss\fcharset204\fprq2 Arial Narrow Cyr;} {\f1795\fswiss\fcharset161\fprq2 Arial Narrow Greek;}{\f1796\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Arial Narrow Tur;}{\f1799\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Arial Narrow Baltic;}{\f1852\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Albertus Medium CE;} {\f1856\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Albertus Medium Tur;}{\f1859\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Albertus Medium Baltic;}{\f1862\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Albertus CE;}{\f1866\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 Albertus Tur;}{\f1869\fswiss\fcharset186\fprq2 Albertus Baltic;} {\f1872\fswiss\fcharset238\fprq2 Albertus Extra Bold CE;}{\f1876\fswiss\fcharset162\fprq2 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(version 5a)}{\author John Palmer}{\operator John Palmer}{\creatim\yr2007\mo7\dy12\hr17\min13}{\revtim\yr2007\mo7\dy15\hr22\min7}{\version3}{\edmins2}{\nofpages41}{\nofwords20150}{\nofchars114855}{\*\company University of Hull}{\nofcharsws134736} {\vern16389}}\paperw11909\paperh16834 \widowctrl\ftnbj\aenddoc\noxlattoyen\expshrtn\noultrlspc\dntblnsbdb\nospaceforul\hyphcaps0\formshade\horzdoc\dgmargin\dghspace120\dgvspace180\dghorigin1701\dgvorigin1984\dghshow2\dgvshow2 \jexpand\viewkind4\viewscale100\pgbrdrhead\pgbrdrfoot\splytwnine\ftnlytwnine\htmautsp\nolnhtadjtbl\useltbaln\alntblind\lytcalctblwd\lyttblrtgr\lnbrkrule\nobrkwrptbl\snaptogridincell\allowfieldendsel\wrppunct\asianbrkrule\rsidroot15994128 \fet0\sectd \psz9\linex0\headery706\footery706\colsx708\endnhere\sectlinegrid360\sectdefaultcl\sectrsid13764953\sftnbj {\*\pnseclvl1\pnucrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl2\pnucltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl3 \pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta .}}{\*\pnseclvl4\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl5\pndec\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl6\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}} {\*\pnseclvl7\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl8\pnlcltr\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}{\*\pnseclvl9\pnlcrm\pnstart1\pnindent720\pnhang {\pntxtb (}{\pntxta )}}\pard\plain \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar \tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\fs28\cf1\insrsid7102046 DEVON}{\b\fs28\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par }\pard \qc \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8647\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid6959659 \cbpat8 {\cf2\insrsid6959659 (version 1a) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8534\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 INTRODUCTION}{\b\insrsid11022377 \par }{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx4824\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 T}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 HE COUNTY BOUNDARY}{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 {\cf1\insrsid11022377 The border of the 1086 c}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ounty has not remain}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ed unchanged until the twentiet}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 h century, even if the 1974 county reorga}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 nization (here ignored}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) is laid aside. Churchstanton (37,1) was transferred to Somerset in 1896 and Thorncombe (16,165), long a detached part of Axminster Hundred entirely surrounded by Dorset, was transferred to that count}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8486879 y in 1844. Stockland (DOR 3,14) w as brought into Devon in 1832 and Chardstock (DOR 3,13) in 1896; on the same boundary Hawkchurch (see DOR 11,1 Cerne note and DOR 17,1 Frampton note) and Dalwood (see DOR 1,4 Fordington note and DOR 12,14 Stockland note), not separately mentioned in Domes day Dorset, were taken into Devon in 1896 and 1832 respectively. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid8486879 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8486879 The boundary between Devon and Cornwall was fixed as the left bank of the Tamar by King Athelstan, and in 1066 would essentially have been the same. However, there have subsequently been some changes:}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8486879 Maker \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8486879 A part of Maker had become a dependency of the Devonshire manor of Walkhampton at an unknown date before 1066 but by 1086 the relationship had ended (1,22). Maker is there said merely to have been removed from Walkhampton. It had not nece ssarily been returned to Cornwall and it is not certain that the one tax-paying virgate of Maker held in Domesday Cornwall (CON 5,2,14) by Reginald (of Vautortes) from the Count of Mortain is the same land, since the plough estimates differ. Maker, origin a lly granted as 5 hides in the early eighth century, may have been split into several parts. A part of Maker known as Vaultersholme tithing (named from the Vautortes family) included Mount Edgecumbe and was certainly in Devon before the end of the thirteen th century and remained there until 1844; see Hoskins and Finberg, }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8486879 Devonshire Studies}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8486879 , p. 26. \par }{\cf1\highlight16\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 Werrington}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 \par Further up the Tamar, the large estate known as Werrington straddled the Tamar. It included the parishes of North Petherwin and Werrington, west of the Tamar, and St Giles-in-the-Heath east of it. Werrington appears to have been royal land since the time of King Eg bert (802-839). In King Edward's time it was a holding of Countess Gytha, wife of Earl Godwin, and was granted by her to Abbot}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 Sihtric of Tavistock between 1066 and 1068. Apparently, proof of this grant was lacking or the Conqueror did not wish to confirm i t, for the Domesday Commissioners treated Werrington as belonging to the king, together with many of Gytha's other lands, although the abbot's counterclaim is entered in Exon 178b2 (see 1,50 Werrington note).The date of the transfer of the whole estate at Werrington to Devon is uncertain. Finberg (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 Lucerna}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 , p. 172) argued that it was shortly before Domesday on the grounds that Tavistock Abbey's lordship portion of Werrington must be part of the 1 hide and 1 virgate exemption given to the abbot in the Tax Ret urn for the Cornish Hundred of Stratton. This may be so. However, the abbot held at least one other land in Stratton Hundred at Tregrenna (CON 3,4) and the returns for both Stratton Hundred and the adjacent Rillaton Hundred seem impossible to reconstruct with certainty largely because of deficiencies in the figures that Great Domesday itself gives; see \{CON Introduction: Hundreds\} . If Werrington is not needed to account for some of the tax exemption in Stratton Hundred, its transfer to Devon could have take n place at any time between Tavistock's acquisition of it and 1086. It would have been convenient for Tavistock Abbey if the whole manor of Werrington were placed in Devon. However, Gytha's lands in Cornwall were in the hands of the Count of Mortain by 10 8 6, and it is possible that the Conqueror would have preferred to have Werrington in Devon and watched over by Baldwin the sheriff. It appears that the Count of Mortain had already removed Boyton (5,5,4) from Werrington and kept it in or returned it to Cor nwall. Werrington was restored to Tavistock Abbey in 1096 (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 Monasticon Anglicanum}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 , ii. p. 497; }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 Regum Anglo-Normannorum}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 i. p. 97 no. 378) and the abbot continued to hold it until the Dissolution: }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 Feudal Aids}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 , i. p. 327; }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 Valor Ecclesiasticus}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 , ii. p. 381. The Tamar was re-established as the boundary here in 1966, when Werrington and North Petherwin returned to Cornwall. On the history of Werington, see 1,50 Werrington note. \par \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 Landinner and Trebeigh \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8983107 In 1066 Landinner and Trebeigh, although in Cornwall, had been dependencies of Lifton in Devonshire. They were apparently the last survivors of a much larger arrangement mentioned in the will of King Alfred; see CON \{Introduction: History\}. \par \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 Borough and Tackbeare \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 In the Middle Ages, the parishes of North Tamerton (Cornwall) and West Bridgerule (Devon) were divided by the county boundary. A boundary adjustment of 1844 tidied this up by transferring to Devon the Cornish manors of Borough and Tackbear (1015 acres in all), both of them Dome sday places (CON 5,11,6. 5,24,18) lying west of the Tamar. Part of North Tamerton (1043 acres east of the Tamar) was transferred to Cornwall in exchange. Part of Boyton (Northcott hamlet) was transferred to Devon at the same time.}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par Similarly this border, until recent times parts of the Cornish parishes of Whitstone, Launcells, and Kilkhampton, though east of the Tamar, have lain in that county and parts of the D}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 evonshire parishes of Pancrasweek, Luffincott and Northcott lay west of the Tamar. This, however, does not mean that any Domesday estate centre was geographically in the wrong county.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par Lundy Island was and is a part of Devonshire; it is not mentioned in Domesday, but was probably surveyed as part of Hartland (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Rotuli Hundredorum}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , i. pp. 73b, 89b).}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx2795\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx5611\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx8417\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Place\cell 1086\cell Later\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh \brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx2795\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx5611 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx8417\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl \tx284\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Devon/ Cornwall Border \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par BOROUGH (CON 5,11,6) \par \par MAKER (1,22. CON 5,2,14) \par \par \par TACKBEAR (CON 5,24,18) \par \par WERRINGTON (1,50)\cell \par \par In Cornwall \par \par Part possibly in Devon; certainly there by the thirteenth century \par \par In Cornwall \par \par In Devon, but previously in Cornwall \par \cell \par \par To Devon in 1844 \par \par To Cornwall in 1844 \par \par \par To Devon in 1844 \par \par To Cornwall in 1966\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \trowd \irow1\irowband1 \ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx2795\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx5611\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx8417\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 Devon/Dorset Border \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 \par CHARDSTOCK (DOR 3,13) \par \par DALWOOD ( DOR 1,4 Fordington note; DOR 12,14 Stockland note) \par \par HAWKCHURCH (DOR 11,1 Cerne note; DOR 17,1 Frampton note) \par \par STOCKLAND (DOR 12,14) \par \par THORNCOMBE (16,165) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 { \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 \par \par In Dorset \par \par In Dorset \par \par \par \par In Dorset \par \par \par In Dorset \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 In Devon\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 { \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 \par \par To Devon in 1896 \par \par To Devon in 1832 \par \par \par \par To Devon in 1896 \par \par \par To Devon in 1832 \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 To Dorset in 1844\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 \trowd \irow2\irowband2\ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh \brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx2795\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx5611 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx8417\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl \tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 Devon/ Somerset/ Border \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 \par CHURCHSTANTON (DEV 37,1) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 { \insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 \par \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 \par In Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 \par \par To Somerset in 1896}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \trowd \irow3\irowband3\lastrow \ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx2795\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx5611\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx8417\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 { \cf1\insrsid11022377 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 H}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 UNDREDS}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 In the Phillimore printed edition, the Domesday estates were allocated, for the purposes of indexing and mapping, to the 'later' hundreds; this was the policy that the general editor (JRM) had wished to be applied to counties that lacked hundredal rubrication. However, the Notes for this county show that in most instances places can be allocated to the 1086 hundreds on the basis of the Tax Returns w hich are included in the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 Liber Exoniensis}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 , here called Exon; (see \{Introduction: Related or 'Satellite' Texts\} ) or by a study of the hundredal sequence in which they are entered in the text of Exon itself. Tabulated here are, in the first column, the names of the 'later' hundreds that were used for the maps and index of places in the Phillimore printed edition and, in the second, the names of the 1086 hundreds; in the case of the latter, alternative forms are given when they are found in the sources. A blan k in the first column means that a hundred had ceased to exist by that time. Where names on the same line in adjacent columns are substantially different (for example Hayridge/ Silverton), this indicates that the Domesday hundred has been renamed. }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid9053512 The use o f single inverted commas ('Cliston' for Cliston) indicates that the place which named the hundred is no longer in existence, although it is evidenced after 1086. Double inverted commas ("Al(l)eriga") indicate that the hundred-name is not found after 1086. Torrington}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 Hundred has been called [Black] Torrington Hundred and Tawton Hundred called [North] Tawton to indicate that these hundreds are no}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 t named from Great Torrington or}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 South Tawton.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4428\clshdrawnil \cellx4146\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4428\clshdrawnil \cellx8417\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 Phillimore Printed Editio\cell This Revision\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl \brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4428\clshdrawnil \cellx4146\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4428\clshdrawnil \cellx8417\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 \par Axminster \par ------------ \par Bampton \par ----------- \par Braunton \par Budleigh \par Cliston \par Coleridge \par Colyton \par Crediton \par Ermington \par Exminster \par Fremington \par Halberton \par Hartland \par Hayridge \par Haytor \par Hemyock \par Lifton \par -------------- \par -------------- \par South Molton \par Ottery St Mary \par Plympton \par Roborough \par Shebbear \par Shirwell \par Stanborough \par North Tawton \par -------------- \par Teinbridge \par Tiverton \par Black Torrington \par -------------- \par Witheridge \par Wonford \par \cell \par Axminster \par Axmouth \par Bampton \par Berrynarbor \par Braunton \par Budleigh \par 'Cliston' \par Chillington \par Colyton \par Crediton \par Ermington ("Al(l)eriga") \par Exminster \par Fremington \par Halberton \par Hartland \par Silverton \par Kerswell \par Hemyock \par Lifton \par Molland \par North Molton \par South Molton \par Ottery St Mary \par Plympton \par Roborough (Walkhampton) \par Merton \par Shirwell \par Diptford \par [North] Tawton \par South Tawton \par Teignbridge (Teinton) \par Tiverton \par [Black] Torrington \par Uffculme \par Witheridge \par Wonford}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \trowd \irow1\irowband1\lastrow \ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4428\clshdrawnil \cellx4146\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth4428\clshdrawnil \cellx8417\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\b\insrsid11022377 \par \par Identifying and Reconstructing the Hundreds \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 This note describes the probable hundredal organisation of Devonshire in 1086 and surveys the main differences between that pattern and the medieval hundreds, as shown by later documents including }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 Feudal Aids}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 Book of Fees}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 and the Lay Subsidy Rolls. These hundreds survived into the nineteenth century.}{\insrsid11022377 \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 With the exception of the five south-western counties, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday Book usually indicates, at the end of the first line of each entry, or group of entries (or, sometimes, in the space left after the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Value}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 statement of the preceding entry), the hundred in which the place or places lay. In many counties it can be shown that the hundredal groups of places are entered in the same or very s imilar order within each individual fief; see Sawyer, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Original Returns}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . In Domesday Devon there is no hundredal rubrication, although a few Hundreds are mentioned incidentally in the text: thus Molland (1,41) is said to receive the third penny of the hun dreds of North Molton, Bampton and Braunton; Moretonhampstead (1,45) receives the third penny of Teignbridge Hundred, and 2 \'bd virgates belonging to Iddesleigh (1,63) lie in [North] Tawton Hundred; moreover one furlong (}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ferdinus}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 )}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 of waste which }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 no man claims}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 lay in }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Molton}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred according to the Exon }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (500}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 a}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 4}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ); }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 see \{ Introduction: Exon Extra Information and Discrepancies\}.}{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Despite the absence of any sy stematic reference within individual fiefs to hundreds, places appear to be entered in Exon in a series of exclusive geographical groupings, that is in a largely consistent order of hundreds, or groups of hundreds, as can be seen from the detailed introdu ctory note to most chapters in the Notes. In itself, this allows some conception of the 1086 hundreds to be formed which can be amplified from a study of the Tax Returns for Devonshire (Exon folios 65a-7 la) covering }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 thirty-one hundreds. As is explained in the \{Introduction: Related or 'Satellite' Texts\},}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 these record the total hidage for each hundred, the amount of lordship land for each holder and details of holdings on which tax is owed. From these returns, valuable evidence for the identification of plac es can be obtained when the names of landholders or the lordship hidage or the land stated to be owing tax are compared with Domesday entries, even though the Tax Returns rarely contain place-names.}{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab The names of the late eleventh-century Hundreds can also be seen from two lists of Devonshire hundreds which are bound up with the Exon Domesday (folio 63a). As can be seen from the table below there are many similarities between the names in these two lists and the hundred names of the Tax Returns as well as o f those of the later period. Tabulated below are the names of the hundreds found in the two Exon Lists, followed by those of the Tax Returns (these last being given in the nominative case, whereas in the Exon manuscript they occur in the genitive, ending in }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 -e }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{\i\f702\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 -\'ea }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (for }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 -ae}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 )}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in phrases such as }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 In the Hundred of Lifton}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), and finally, in the last column, the name of the later hundred which each formed, or into which it was incorporated. The numbering of the Tax Returns and of the Exon hundred-lists is that of the present edit}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7746872 ors, following their order in Exon. The order of tabulation is dictated by Exon Hundred List II for reasons that will become apparent. In the first three columns royal manors have}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 been starred and an }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 M}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 indicates that the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 was only a manor with few or no members.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2214\clshdrawnil \cellx2031\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2214\clshdrawnil \cellx4168\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2214\clshdrawnil \cellx6312\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2214\clshdrawnil \cellx8417\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 EXON LIST II\cell EXON LIST I\cell TAX RETURNS\cell LATER HUNDRED\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2214\clshdrawnil \cellx2031\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2214\clshdrawnil \cellx4168\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2214\clshdrawnil \cellx6312\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2214\clshdrawnil \cellx8417\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 { \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par 1 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Listona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 2 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Toritona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 3 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hertilanda}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 4 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Mertona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 5 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Framintona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 6 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Tauuuetona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 7 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Crediatona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 8 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Esseministra}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 9 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Clistona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 10 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Badentona}{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 2}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 11 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Brantona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par \par 12 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Scireuuilla}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par \par 13 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Sut Moltona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 14 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Wenforda}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 15 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Budeleia}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 16 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hamioth}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 17 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Wetriga}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 18 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Tuluertona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par M19 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Otric}{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 4}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 20 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Halbretona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 21 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Axeministra}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 22 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Carsuella}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 23 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Culintona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 24 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Alsemuda}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 25 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cadelintona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 26}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Aleriga}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 27 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Rueberga}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 28 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Plintona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 29}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Dippeforda}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 30 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Tainebruga}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par M31 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Ofecolum}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par -------------------- \par \par -------------------- \par \par -------------------- \par \par \cell \par 18 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lifetona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 4 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Toritona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 1 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hertilanda}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 2 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Mertona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 5 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Framintona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 6 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Tautona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 25 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Chridiatona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 11 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Essemenistra}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 12 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Clistona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 21}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Badentona}{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 3}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 23 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Branctona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par \par 22 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Scireuuella}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par \par 24 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Moltona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 10 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Wenforda}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 27 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Budeleies}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par ------------------ \par \par 20 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Witric}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 19 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Tueruetona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 32 }{\i\f702\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Otric Sanct\'ea Mari\'ea}{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 5}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 31 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Halsbretona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 30 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Axaministres}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 8 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Chersuuelles}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 *}{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 7}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 28 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cullinctona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 29 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Axamudes}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 16 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 C\'e6delintona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 13 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hermintona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 *}{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 8}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 14 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Walchentona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 15 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Plintona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 7 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Dippesforda}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 9 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Taintona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par ----------------- \par \par 17 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Sulfertona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par M3 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Mollanda}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par M26 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hertesberia }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (Berrynarbor) \par \cell \par 1 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Liftona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 3 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Toritona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 2 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hertilanda}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 5 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Mertona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 4 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Framintona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 9 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Tauuentona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 8 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Chridiatona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 23 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \'c6sseministra}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 *}{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 12 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Clistona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 22 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Badentona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 6 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Brantona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Scireuella}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 6 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Brantona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Scireuella}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 7 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Sut Moltona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 31 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Wenfort}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 16 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Budeleia}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 14 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hamiohc}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 10 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Witric}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 11 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Tuuuertona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 18 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Otri}{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 6}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 17 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hasbertona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 19 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Axemenistre}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 25 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Carsewilla}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 20 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Culintona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 21 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Axemuda}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 27 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cadelintona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 30 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Alleriga \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par 29 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Walchentona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 28 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Plintona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 26 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Dippesforda}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 24 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Taintona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par 15 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Offecolum}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par 13 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Sulfertona}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 * \par \par ------------------- \par \par ------------------- \par \par \cell \par Lifton. Tavistock \par \par Black Torrington \par \par Hartland \par \par Shebbear \par \par Fremington \par \par North Tawton \par \par Crediton \par \par Exminster \par \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cliston}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par Bampton \par \par Braunton \par \par \par Shirwell \par \par \par South Molton \par \par Wonford \par \par Budleigh \par \par Hemyock \par \par Witheridge \par \par North Tawton \par \par Ottery St Mary \par \par Halberton \par \par Axminster \par \par Haytor \par \par Colyton \par \par part of Axminster \par \par Coleridge \par \par Ermington \par \par Roborough \par \par Plympton \par \par Stanborough \par \par Teignbridge \par \par part of Bampton \par \par Hayridge \par \par part of South Molton \par \par part of Braunton \par \par \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \trowd \irow1\irowband1\lastrow \ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2214\clshdrawnil \cellx2031\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2214\clshdrawnil \cellx4168\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2214\clshdrawnil \cellx6312\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2214\clshdrawnil \cellx8417\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The folio}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 reference for each Tax Return h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred together with its hidage are given in a table in \{Introduction: }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 The }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Tax Returns\}. \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Textual Notes on the Table}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\i\f702\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 aesseministr\'ea }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in the Exon manuscript, a diphthong squiggle being added to an original }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 a}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ;}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Ellis misprinted}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\i\f702\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Esseministr\'ea}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . \par \par }{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 2}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\i\f702\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Badenton\'ea }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Exon manuscript; Ellis misprinted}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Badentone}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . \par \par }{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 3}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 In the Exon manuscript }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Badentone hund}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 is interlined (in paler ink and by a different scribe) above }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Clauuetonae }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 which is unde}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 rlined for deletion. Ellis omitted}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 the underlining and prints }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Clauuueton&}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . \par \par }{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 4}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 In the Exon manuscript }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Otric }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 with }{\i\f702\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 Sc \'ea}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (with an abbreviation line over the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 e}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 )}{\i\f702\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Mari\'ea }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 interlined; Ellis misprinted}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Otrie }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 with }{\i\f702\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 sc\'ea}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (with an abbreviation line over the }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377 c}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 )}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 marie}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . \par \par }{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 5}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Otric }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Exon manuscript; Ellis misprinted}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Otrie}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . \par \par }{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 6}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 In the Exon manuscript }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Otri }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 is a correction from }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Odtri}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ;}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 d}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 though erased, is still partially visible.}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx1493\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 7}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 C}{\i\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 h}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 ers}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 ,}{ \i\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 u}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 elles }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 in the Exon manuscript}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ; Ellis misprinted}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 Cers}{\i\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 u}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 elles}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\super\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 8 }{\i\f709\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 Hern\'eetone h\'fbdret }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 in the Exon manuscript}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ; Ellis misprinted}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 }{\i\f709\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 herm'tone h\'fb}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 \'f0ret}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14025561 .}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par It will be seen that the discrepancies between the various lists are few: Exon List II omits Silverton (later Hayri dge) Hundred, but otherwise corresponds to the hundreds of the Tax Returns; List I, while omitting a number of the names of Tax Return hundreds, includes Molland and Berrynarbor that are not in the Tax Returns. Moreover, the correspondence between the Tax Return hundreds and the later hundreds is strikingly close, except that Uffculme was treated as a separate hundred and Braunton and Shirwell as a single joint Hundred, places belonging to these last two hundreds being intermixed in the order of Exon.}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab It w ill be noted also that no Devon hundred in the Tax Returns contains 100 hides or even an approximation (if that was the original total), but the hide can also be a measure of tax liability and is not always a measure of area (see 1,4 hide note). Many of t he }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 king'}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s manors have a low tax-value but a large number of ploughs that suggests a larger areal hidage.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab The first Exon List contains a Hundred of }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Clauuuetona }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 [Clawton], the name being deleted and Bampton inserted. It is not certain that in deleting the name the scribe was intending to substitute another name for the same hundred. There is a Clawton in [Black] Torrington Hundred (17,15), which in later surveys o ccurs as a complex manor accounting for a number of places (17,15-18) separately mentioned in Domesday and covering the modern parishes of Clawton, Pyworthy and Tetcott. Moreover, all these lands had the same 1086 holder and the lands of no other magnate intruded upon them. It may be that at some stage in the Domesday }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Enquiry}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 a manorial return was mistaken for a Hundredal one.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab The differences between the two Exon Lists and the hundreds of the Tax Returns must lie in their different purposes. Some }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hundreds}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 may well have been temporary, artificial creations by a particular landholder or for the needs of a particular survey. Sometimes isolated royal manors might be treated as a hundred, their manorial details forming a separate return for some purposes, but if they were exempt from tax, they would not appear among the Tax Returns. The hundredal organisation that produced the Tax Returns may not have been identical to that which produced Domesday, and may well have differed from the hundreds which under the A nglo-Saxon kings had particular administrative and judicial functions.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab In the case of the adjacent Somerset, many manors (usually royal or ecclesiastical) had by 1086 been withdrawn from the hundreds in which geographically they lay and had either become s mall self-contained administrative units, also called }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hundreds}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , or were treated as remote outliers of their holder}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s chief manor (see SOM \{Introduction: Hundreds\}; for the purposes of the Tax Returns, however, these separate }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 manorial Hundreds }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 are sometimes grouped with other manors.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab To a lesser degree, the same seems to have been true of Devon. Berrynarbor (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hertesberia}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 )}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 of the first Exon List, held by Walscin of Douai in 1086, seems to have been a separate unit when the List was completed, yet it can b e identified in the Tax Return for Braunton and Shirwell Hundred (23,2 Berrynarbor note); Berrynarbor may once have been a royal or church manor-hundred, a fact not mentioned in Domesday. Uffculme Hundred (for which there is a Tax Return) was another sing le-manor hundred; it had belonged to Glastonbury Church (DEV 4 Glastonbury note and 23,9 Uffculme note) and was probably a small ecclesiastical }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 like several in Somerset. Molland (1,41), also included in the first Exon List, was a royal manor and w as probably separately administered like several royal manors that appear in the corresponding Exon Hundred-Lists for Somerset (folios 63b-64b). The details for Molland, however, seem to appear in the Tax Return for South Molton Hundred.}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab The list of manors that were }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 manorial Hundreds}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , though grouped with larger units in the Tax Returns, should probably be extended: a Hundred of North Molton is mentioned in connection with Molland (1,41) and probably represents only the royal manor of North Molton (1,37) treated as a Hundred. South Tawton was also probably a manorial hundred, since in the Exon order of Chapter 1, otherwise consistent, it is entered in the wrong place for a member of Wonford Hundred, where it later lay. Moreover, it received a number of cu stomary dues from places that later formed part of Wonford Hundred, but which, each in their particular fief, occupy a place at the beginning of the schedule (1,29 note and Reichel, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 South Tawton Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). On the other hand, the fact that these dues gain a special mention in Domesday does not necessarily suggest that South Tawton was the }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 caput }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 of a full Hundred with a number of tenants-in-chief, although there was a Hundred of South Tawton (first evidenced in 1170; Anderson, }{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 English Hundred Names: South-Western Counties}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 99) in later times. The alleged members of the 1086 Hundred of South Tawton are in fact found in the Tax Return for Wonford Hundred. The existence}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 of a Domesday Hundred or Hundred-manor of Winkleigh should be treated with even more reserve. Winkleigh (1,64) appears in the correct place in the schedule for a }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7415526 [North] Tawton Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 place and is in the Tax Return for that Hundred; but a medieval Hundred of Winkleigh (first attested in 1238; Anderson, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 English Hundred Names: South-Western Counties}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 85) enjoyed a brief existence.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The advance of feudalism, with its stress on the stratification of tenure and the lordship of the Hundred, is reflected in the names used for the hundreds in the Exon Lists and in the Tax Returns. In other counties t he Anglo-Saxon names, from which most Domesday hundreds were named, were derived from the meeting places of the undred, often a prominent tree, hill-ridge or barrow, but in the case of Devonshire, the Lists and the Tax Returns refer to Hundreds by the nam es of their chief manors in every case except "Al(l)eriga",}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and possibly Merton which was named from a manor held in 1086 by the Bishop of Coutances. "Al(l)eriga"}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 was later called after its chief royal manor, Ermington (1,23) as it already was in the first Exon List, and Merton became Shebbear (first noted in 1168; see Anderson, }{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 English Hundred Names: South-Western Counties}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 87) after the royal holding (1,39). But in many cases the medieval and later name of a Hundred is probably the restoration of its mo ot-name: Roborough Hundred (already evidenced in 1086) for Walkhampton Hundred; Stanborough Hundred for Diptford Hundred; Coleridge Hundred for Chillington Hundred; Haytor Hundred for Kerswell Hundred; Hayridge Hundred for Silverton Hundred and possibly T eignbridge Hundred (the name already evidenced in 1086) for Teignton Hundred. Roborough is called from Roborough or Roborough House in Bickleigh parish (SX5062) or from Roborough Down in Buckland Monachorum (southwards from SX5069; see Anderson, }{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 English Hundred Names: South-Western Counties}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 91). "Al(l)eriga"}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 is unidentified, but is perhaps near Modbury (from Old English }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 gemot-beorg }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 moot-hill}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ; see Anderson, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 English Hundred Names: South-Western Counties}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 92). Stanborough Hundred}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s meeting-place was perhaps the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 camp}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '} {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 fort}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 marked on the Ordnance Survey map at the former junction of the parishes of Moreleigh, Halwell, Blackawton, East Allington and of several roads (SX7551). This site now lies in Halwell parish, Coleridge (form erly Chillington) Hundred, the parish and hundred boundaries having moved to the west. Coleridge is both an Old English moot-name and a Domesday place (23,23). Haytor can scarcely be connected with Haytor rock in Ilsington parish, which is not in Haytor H undred: it was possibly near the place called Moothill Cross near Staverton (SX7964). Hayridge is unidentified; although it is tempting to connect it with Whorri}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 dge in Bradninch (so Finberg, 'Place-names of Devon', p. 38), }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 the derivation is philologically unlikely (see Anderson, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 English Hundred Names: South-Western Counties}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 84 and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Place-Names of Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , ii. p. 554). Teignbridge is so called from the bridge over the river in Kingsteignton parish (Anderson, }{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 English Hundred Names: South-Western Counties}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 98; see the article by Davidson).}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab Not only are the hundreds of the Exon Lists and the Tax Returns named after the chief manor; the great majority of these are manors belonging to the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Crown}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or to the king himself. The only clear exceptions are Crediton and Ottery St Mary Hundreds which were in the hands of churches. Most of the other hundred-names have some connections with the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 king}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . "Al(l)eriga"}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 changed its name to Ermington when the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 king}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 acquired the latter manor (and Blackawton) by exchange for Bampton ( see 1,23-24), which as a royal manor had named Bampton Hundred. Shirwell was not named after a royal manor, but may have been administered by Braunton (1,5) with which it shares a Tax Return. Fremington was not royal land in 1086 (3,6 Fremington note) but had been held by Earl Harold before 1066; Merton (3,5) may have been in a similar position.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab The purpose of the first Exon List of hundreds is unclear, as is the corresponding list for Somerset. But the second List (as also in the case of Somerset) is a ke y to the order of Exon. This List, given in order with the names modernised, is: Lifton}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 [Black] Torrington, Hartland, Merton, Fremington, [North] Tawton, Crediton, Exminster, }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cliston}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , Bampton, Braunton, Shirwell, South Molton, Wonford, Budleigh, Hemyock , Witheridge, Tiverton, Ottery [St Mary], Halberton, Axminster, Kerswell, Colyton, Axmouth, Chillington, "Al(l)eriga", Roborough, Plympton, Diptford, Teignbridge, Uffculme. If allowance is made for the omission of a return for the manors contributing to S o uth Tawton and of one for Silverton (later Hayridge) Hundred, and for the fact that the last two, Teignbridge and Uffculme, may have been passed over and then added to the List at the end, this order is very close to that in which hundreds are entered in individual chapters of Exon and can illuminatingly be compared with the order as shown in the introductory note to most chapters in the Notes.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 It seems that this second List (in a variety of hands) was a schedule made of the hundreds in which the Domesday material had been arranged (possibly for checking before the hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 courts) as they were entered fief by fief in the Exon folios. \par \tab In comparing this List with the hundredal order of individual fiefs, it must be allowed that a scribe, faced with the task o f looking through each hundred return for the manors of a particular tenant-in-chief, sometimes missed one or more manors and so entered them in the schedule partly or wholly later than the normal position for the hundred group; or that, because of the pr essure of time, two or more scribes were working simultaneously on the gatherings of parchment or}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 booklets}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 that formed each individual fief list and exchanged the returns as they finished them. Even without such allowances made, some fiefs are entered hund redally in exactly the order of the second Exon list (although no fief actually contains a manor in every hundred). Other fiefs appear to show a greater variation in order for the reasons suggested above or because some information was entered not hundred by hundred, but in groups of hundreds: Places in Braunton Hundred and Shirwell Hundred, for example, are not only entered together but often mingled with places from South Molton Hundred and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cliston}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred. On the other hand, places in Lifton Hundred ar e always entered before those of [Black] Torrington Hundred, those in [Black] Torrington Hundred before those in Hartland Hundred, those in Hartland Hundred before those in Merton hundred and so on.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab The list of Exon order standing as the second note for m ost chapters in the Notes will illustrate the order of individual fiefs and it will be seen that the pattern is often striking: the third to sixteenth entries in the Count of Mortain}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s fief (DEV 15) in Exon are all in Merton Hundred, the first eleven of Baldwin}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s fief (DEV 16) are in Lifton Hundred, the next seventeen in [Black] Torrington Hundred and so on. A study of the Exon returns for Devon suggests the following patterns which, allowing for the grouping of some hundreds, is almost identical to Exon Li st II (the names are modernised):}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab Manors paying dues to South Tawton, perhaps forming a hundred of South Tawton; \tab Lifton Hundred;}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab [Black] Torrington Hundred; \par \tab Hartland Hundred; \par \tab Merton Hundred; \par \tab Fremington Hundred; \par \tab [North] Tawton Hundred; \par \tab Crediton Hundred; \par \tab Exminster Hundred;}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab Braunton Hundred, Shirwell Hundred, Bampton Hundred, Uffculme Hundred, South Molton Hundred and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cliston}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred intermingled; \par \tab Silverton Hundred, Wonford Hundred, Hemyock Hundred, Budleigh Hundred, Witheridge Hundred, Teignbridge Hundred and Tiverton Hundred intermingled; }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab Ottery [St Mary] Hundred; \par \tab Halberton Hundred;}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab Axminster Hundred, Kerswell Hundred, Colyton Hundred and Axmouth Hundred intermingled; \par \tab Chillington Hundred, "Al(l)eriga" Hundred, Diptford Hundred, Roborough Hundred and Plympton Hundred. \par \par It should be noted that Reichel, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Devonshire Hundreds}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , pp. 583-84 proposed a similar order; see }{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Whale and Reichel, }{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Analysis of Exon. Domesday}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 391, }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 VCH Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , i. p. 378 and Finn, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Devonshire Domesdays}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , pp. 103-108.)}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 The Later H}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The differences between the 1086 hundreds and those of later times is not great. North Molton }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and Molland }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 both of uncertain status in 1086, were later combined with South Molton Hundred; Uffculme Hun dredwas amalgamated with Bampton Hundred; South Tawton Hundredwas absorbed by Wonford Hundred, and Axmouth Hundred by Axminster Hundred. Some of these survived separately beyond the eleventh century, South Tawton Hundred, North Molton Hundred and Molland Hundred still being found in the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Nomina Villarum }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 of 1316 (in }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Feudal Aids}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , i. }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11211168 pp.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 373, 376}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ; see Anderson, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 English Hundred Names: South-Western Counties}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 pp. 77-78, 99). Uffculme was recorded as a hundred as late as 1428 (Anderson, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 English Hundred Names: South-Western Counties}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 80). Axmouth Hundred was often treated separately in the Middle Ages, while Tiverton Hundred and Halberton Hundred were frequently combined. These last two may have been close in earlier times since parts of a parish in one are somet imes tithings of the other hundred; it is interesting that a duplicate entry for Tiverton (1,35; see 1,35 entry note) occurs next to Halberton (1,70) in the order of Exon.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 New H}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 New hundreds were also created. A Hundred of Winkleigh (dates of 1238-1428 are quoted in Anderson, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 English Hundred Names: South-Western Counties}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 85) has already been mentioned. West Budleigh, earlier a detachment of [East] Budleigh, was given separate status in the fourteenth century (Anderson, }{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 English Hundred Names: South-Western Counties}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 100) and Tavistock Hundred, grouping some of the possessions of the Abbey, was created out of Lifton Hundred in 1114 (Anderson, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 English Hundred Names: South-Western Counties}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 89; Reichel, Tavistock Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , pp. }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11211168 222}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 -226}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3150477 Oliver, }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3150477 Monasticon Diocesis Exoniensis}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3150477 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 95 and }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Place-Names of Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , i. p. 213).}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Composition of the Hundreds \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 In a few cases, a hamlet, village or vill is shown by the Tax Returns or the order of Exon to have lain in one hundred in 1086, but is later found in another (usually adjacent) hundred.}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Since the contents of the Tax Return hundreds are very largely those o f later times, it is not necessary to give all the members of each hundred as deduced from them, but differences evidenced, or presumed, are given here. }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lifton Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in 1086 included Willsworthy (39,1 Willsworthy note) which lay here also in 1316 (thou gh it was later in Roborough Hundred), as well as those lands (Liddaton, Milton Abbot, Leigh and Tavistock) which later lay in Tavistock Hundred. \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 [Black] Torrington Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 contained Kigbeare (16,22 Kigbeare note), a tithing of the hundred in 1334, later in Lifton Hundred.} {\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Fremington Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 counted Little Weare (42,5 Weare note) among its lands, later in Shebbear Hundred, the successor to Merton Hundred.}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Merton Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , later Shebbear Hundred, was affected by later boundary changes. Wedfield (15,33 W edfield note) was here in 1086, though later transferred to [Black] Torrington Hundred, while three places now in Roborough parish, Fremington Hundred (Barlington, Villavin and Owlacombe; see 3,15 Barlington note; 25,1 Villavin note and 36,7 Owlacombe not e), were in this hundred in 1086 and in the Middle Ages. See also 36,2 Bucks note and 42,4 Huish note.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Braunton and Shirwell Hundreds}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 are treated as a unit by the Tax Returns and this masks any evidence that Pickwell, Bridwick, Woolacombe Spreacombe and H ole (see 3,39 Pickwell note, 3,47 Bridwick note; 19,11;Woolacombe note 36,11 Spreacombe note; 36,15 Woolacombe note), which in the fourteenth century were a detached part of Shirwell Hundred within Braunton Hundred, were so in 1086. Snydles (16,88 Snydles note) and Swimbridge (13a,2 Swimbridge note) seem to have lain in these hundreds in 1086, rather than in South Molton Hundred.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Crediton Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 included part of Down St Mary (6,4), the rest of the parish lying in [North] Tawton Hundred; also Chaffcombe ( 2,2 Crediton note) and possibly Bury (2,3 Bury note), these last two being parts of [North] Tawton Hundred later.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 [North] Tawton Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 on the other hand included the main holding of what was later Morchard Bishop in Crediton Hundred (1,68 Morchard note ), as well as Shobrooke (24,29 Shobrooke note). On the border, with Merton (later Shebbear) Hundred, part of Iddesleigh was here in 1086 (1,63 Iddesleigh note) and Brimblecombe (40,3 Brimblecombe note). Irishcombe (1,66 Irishcombe note) and Affeton (1,3 T awton note) were outliers of [North] Tawton Hundred manors lying within Witheridge Hundred. Emlett (in Woolfardisworthy) was a similar case in the Middle Ages, although it is not mentioned in Domesday.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Witheridge Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 contained Dockworthy (35,25 Dockworthy note) which later lay in [North] Tawton Hundred.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Tiverton Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 was closely related to Halberton Hundred. Sampford Peverell (27,1 Sampford note) lay in both hundreds, while it would appear from the order of Exon that Uplowman (25,19 Uplowman note) , Coombe (24,9 Coombe note), Murley (24,9 Murley note) and Kidwell (24,8 Lowman note; 34,43 Uplowman note) all of which were parts of Uplowman parish, Halberton Hundred in later timer, lay here in 1086. Chieflowman, also in Uplowman parish, appears to hav e been a part of Halberton manor in 1086, but probably lay in Tiverton Hundred, where the Tax Return records a portion of the royal manor of Halberton (1,70 Halberton note). The hundred also had, as evidenced in Domesday and in the Middle Ages, an outlying portion at Ivedon (19,42 Ivedon note; 15,43 Ivedon note; 34,45 Ivedon note; 34,47 Ivedon note) now in Awliscombe parish, Hemyock Hundred, and another at Nutcott (46,2 Nutcott note) and at Batsworthy (42,21 note). Both the latter were finally in Witheridge Hundred.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cliston}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 contained }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4810675 Larkbeare (39,10 Larkbeare note), that}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 was later in Hayridge}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Silverton Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , afterwards known as Hayridge Hundred, had Up Exe (3,70 Exe note) in 1086 and the Middle Ages (though it was afterwards in Wonford Hundr ed, and possibly Coddiford (52,23 Coddiford note) as an outlier.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Budleigh Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 was not yet divided between East Budleigh Hundred and West Budleigh Hundred in 1086. The order of Exon suggests that Strete Ralegh (34,38) was in this hundred in 1086, as in the Middle Ages, although later in }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cliston}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred. In the outlying part that later became West Budleigh Hundred were included Yeadbury (34,36 Yeadbury note) and Yowlestone (19,33 Yowelestone note), finally in Witheridge Hundred, and this}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 area seem s to have included Langley (1,9 Budleigh note) finally in Cadeleigh, Hayridge Hundred, and Thongsleigh (36,20 Coombe note) finally in Cruwys Morchard, Witheridge Hundred, neither being directly mentioned by Domesday.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Halberton Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 was involved with Tiverton Hundred. While much of}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Uplowman parish was in Tiverton Hundred, Whitnage (25,22), another part of the parish, lay in Halberton Hundred; as did Canonsleigh which was in that part of Burlescombe parish that was not in Bampton Hundred.}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Axminster Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 had not yet been enlarged by amalgamation with Axmouth (xxi). Smallicombe (16,168 Smallicombe note) may have counted as an outlier, dependent on Trill in 1086 as later.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Axmouth Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 contained in the Middle Ages, before its incorporation in Axminster, the Domesday estates of Axmouth, Bruckland, Combpyne, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Down Umfraville}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , Musbury, Rousdon and Stedcombe (see Anderson, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 English Hundred Names: South-Western Counties}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 103; }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Feudal Aids}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , i. pp. 318, 384). The Domesday hundred, as it can b e reconstructed from the Tax Return, was of the same extent except that Musbury (16,164) was divided between both Axminster and Axmouth Hundreds.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Bampton Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . The Tax Return indicates that Burlescombe parish was divided in 1086, as later, between Bam pton Hundred and Halberton Hundred. Burlescombe itself, the unidentified }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Ciclet }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and Fenacre (24,30-31. 25,12) lay in Bampton Hundred. It is probable that the boundary between this hundred and Witheridge Hundred was adjusted soon after 1086, since in the Tax Return for Bampton Hundred Bishop G(eoffrey) has 1 hide and 354 furlongs (}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 fertinos}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 )}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 of lordship land, which it seems can only be accounted for by most or all of Spurway (3,74 Spurway note), Coombe (3,75 Coombe note), "Celvertesberie" (3,76 "Celvertesberie" note)}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and Stoodleigh (3,77 Stoodleigh note) which later lay in Witheridge Hundred. Reichel, }{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Bampton and Uffculme Hundreds}{\insrsid11022377 '}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 pp. 453-455 would go further: see 16,150 Tapps note; 16,151 Woodburn note; 19,37 Oakford note; 34,40 Stoodleigh note; 34,41 Highleigh note; 36,25}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Rifton note; 47,13 Whitnole note and 52,43 Waspley note.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Exminster Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 seems to have included in 1086 and later a detached moorland portion at Beetor (16,60 Beetor note) and Shapley (16,61 Shapley note), Venn (16,61 Shapley note) and Jurston (16,61 Shapley note), as well as }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 South Teign}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (1,26 Kenton note). A part of Manaton (52,27 Manaton note) and Netherton (in Haccombe, south of the river Teign; see 19,10 Haccombe note) also lay here in 1086, as in the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Nomina Villarum }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 of 1316 (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Feudal Aids}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , i. p. 377).}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Teignton (Teignbridge) Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 appears from the Tax Return to have included a part of Ashton (6,6 Ashton note), the rest lying in Exminster Hundred. From Exon order it seems to have embraced Canonteign (3,97 Canonteign note) which w as here in the Middle Ages, though later still in Wonford Hundred, as well as Buckland-in-the-Moor (48}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 ,10 Buckland}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note) later in the detachment of Haytor Hundred (formerly Kerswell Hundred), and also Buckland Barton and Haccombe (19,41Buckland note; 16,15 2 Haccombe note). These last two were later tithings of Haytor Hundred (formerly Kerswell Hundred) within a detached part of Wonford Hundred.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Kerswell Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 later Haytor Hundred, had a detached moorland portion in 1086 and later; it may have originated in moorland pasture that formed outlying parts of Kerswell Hundred manors, such as }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Dewdon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 which was a member of Cockington (20,10) and Blackaton (16,163 Wolborough note) attached to one of Baldwin}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s manors.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Diptford Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , later Stanborough Hundred, encompassed, according to Exon order,}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hazard (29,2 Hazard note), Poulston (1,34 Chillington note and 17,43 Poulston note) and East Allington (30,3 Allington note), all found here in the fourteenth century, though later in Coler idge Hundred (the successor to Chillington Hundred), and possibly Englebourne (20,17 Englebourne note), also subsequently in Coleridge Hundred.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Chillington Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , subsequently called Coleridge Hundred, had Grimpstonleigh (39,13) as an outlier of Grimps tone in 1086 and later, as well as Dodbrooke (52,53 Dodbrooke note). Both were afterwards in Stanborough Hundred (the successor to Diptford Hundred).}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab "Al(l)eriga" Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , later named Ermington Hundred, included Dunstone (29,4 Dunstone note and 52,42 Dun stone note) in 1086 and the Middle Ages; it was still later in Plympton Hundred. Lupridge (15,27 Lupridge note; 24,20 Lupridge note) and Butterford (17,61 Butterford note), both ultimately in Stanborough Hundred (the successor to Diptford Hundred), were h ere in 1086.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Wonford Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 contained West Clyst (16,92 Clyst note) both in 1086 and in the fourteenth century; it was later in }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cliston}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred. In 1086 and later Wonford Hundred had a detached portion in three parts: (a) an area south of the River Teign, known as }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Teignhead}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and corresponding to the modern parishes of Haccombe with Coombe, St Nicholas and Stokeinteignhead; (b) the parish of Ogwell (including East Ogwell, West Ogwell and Holbeam) lying to the west; finally (c) a part lying in Ilsington parish (itself in Teignbridge (Teignton) Hundred)}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and consisting of Bagtor (48,7 Bagtor note), Sigford (35,23 Sigford note), as well as a part of Horridge (19,29 Rocombe note, but see 32,6 Ilsington note). Staplehill (48,9) which was in Teignbridge (Teignt on) Hundred in 1086 was added to this last area in the Middle Ages. }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Teignhead}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 is a corruption of }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Ten Hides}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , influenced by the river-name }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Teign}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Place-Names of Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , ii. p. 459). The sum total of the Domesday manors in the three parts of this detachm ent, including Buckland (19,41), Netherton (see 19,10 Haccombe note) and Haccombe (16,152), which though they form a natural part of this detachment seem to have been assessed in other Hundreds in 1086, is just short of ten hides.}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\striked1\insrsid11022377 \par }{\cf1\striked1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Tithings}{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 As will have been understood above, a number of places while locally situated in one }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred, because that is where their parish lies, are actually tithings of another. These tithings have different origins and differ from one list to another, but a list of major tithin gs is given below, since in many cases the tithing recalls the Hundred in which the place lay in 1086:}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx2736\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx5552\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx8417\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx9781\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Place\cell Tithing in\cell Actually in\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh \brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx2736\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx5552 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx8417\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl \tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \cbpat8 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Snydles (16,88)}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par Pickwell (3,39) \par \par \par Spreacombe (36,13) \par \par \par Woolacombe (19,11. 36,15) \par \par \par Burlescombe (24,30) \par \par \par Ivedon (19,42-43. 34,45 ;47) \par \par \par Nutcott (46,2)}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par Uplowman (25,16;19. 34,43) \par \par \par Appledore (24,14) \par \par \par Canonsleigh (24,15) \par \par \par Ayshford (24,13) \par \par \par Kigbeare (16,22)}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par Yeadbury (34,36)}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par Strete Ralegh (34,38)}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par UpExe(3,70) \par \par Bagtor (48,7)}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par Sigford (35,23) \par \par \par Staplehill (48,9) \par \par \par WestClyst (16,92) \par \par \par Canonteign (3,97) \par \par \par Shapley (16,61-62;64. 45,1) \par \par \par Butterford (17,61-62) \par \par \par Dunstone (29,4. 52,42) \par \par \par Lupridge (15,27. 24,20. 25,26) \par \par \par Buckland (19,41) \par \par \par Haccombe (16,152. 19,10) \par \par \par Grimpstonleigh (39,13)}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx9781\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \cbpat8 { \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Braunton Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par Shirwell Hundred \par \par \par Shirwell Hundred \par \par \par Shirwell Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par \par Bampton Hundred \par \par \par Tiverton Hundred \par \par \par Tiverton Hundred \par \par \par Tiverton Hundred \par \par \par Halberton Hundred \par \par \par Halberton Hundred \par \par \par Halberton Hundred \par \par \par [Black] Torrington Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 [West] Budleigh}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred \par \par \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 [East] Budleigh}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par Hayridge Hundred \par \par Wonford Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par Wonford Hundred \par \par \par Wonford Hundred \par \par \par Wonford Hundred \par \par \par Teignbridge Hundred \par \par \par Exminster Hundred \par \par \par Ermington Hundred \par \par \par Ermington Hundred \par \par \par Ermington Hundred \par \par \par Haytor Hundred \par \par \par Haytor Hundred \par \par \par Coleridge Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx9781\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \cbpat8 { \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Chittlehamholt parish, South Molton}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Georgeham parish, Braunton}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Mortehoe parish, BrauntonHundred \par \par Mortehoe parish, Braunton}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Halberton Hundred: rest of}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 parish of Burlescombe }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Awliscombe parish, Hemyock}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Rackenford parish, Witheridge}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Halberton Hundred - rest of}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 parish of Uplowman }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Burlescombe parish, Bampton}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Burlescombe parish, Bampton}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred \par \par Burlescombe parish, Bampton}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx9781\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Okehampton parish, Lifton}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Cruwys Morchard parish, Witheridge}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Whimple parish, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cliston}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Rewe parish, Wonford Hundred \par \par Ilsington parish, Teignbridge}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred \par \par Ilsington parish, Teignbridge}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Ilsington parish, Teignbridge}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred \par \par Broad Clyst parish, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cliston}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred \par \par Christow parish, Wonford}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred \par \par Chagford parish, Wonford}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred \par \par North Huish parish, Stanborough}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred \par \par Yealmpton parish, Plympton}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred \par \par North Huish parish, Stanborough}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred \par \par Haccombe parish, Wonford}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred \par \par Wonford Hundred: rest of}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 parish of Haccombe \par \par Woodleigh parish, Stanborough}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx9781\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \trowd \irow1\irowband1\lastrow \ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh \brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth1\trftsWidthB3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx2736\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx5552 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2952\clshdrawnil \cellx8417\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par T}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 he composition of the medieval h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds can best be studied in the volumes of the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Book of Fees}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , the }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Feudal Aids}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 which contains the important }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Nomina Villarum }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 of 1316, also in the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Rotuli Hundredorum }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and the Lay Subsidy Rolls (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lay Subsidy Roll}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid6577981 ,}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (1332); }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lay Subsidy Roll (1334)}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). The nineteenth century hundredal organisation is reproduced in the earliest censuses and in Directories and Gazetteers such as White, }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Devonshire}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 } {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and Kelly,}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Directory of Devonshire}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , as well as on the large-scale maps such as}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cary}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Map of Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and Greenwood}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , }{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Map of Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . The works of the earliest antiquarians, such as Hooker}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Synopsis of Devonshire}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Pole,}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Description of the County of Devon}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , Polwhele, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 History of Devonshire}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and Risdon,}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Survey of Devon}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 still have value as do the various studies by Whale and Reichel. The best study of the names and composition of the hundreds is the work of Anderson, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 English Hundred Names: South-Western Counties}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\insrsid11022377 \par \par }{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par RELATED OR }{\b\insrsid11022377 '}{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 SATELLITE}{\b\insrsid11022377 '}{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 TEXTS \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8534\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The }{\b\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Liber Exoniensis}{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (Exon) \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 For the south-western counties there exists the Exeter Book known as the }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 Liber Exoniensis}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 , Exon or the Exeter or Exon Domesday (henceforward Exon), the bulk of}{\insrsid11022377 which appears}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 to be a preliminary draft of the}{\insrsid11022377 se counties in}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\insrsid11022377 Great}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday, though differently arranged and worded and containing much information not in its successor, such as details of villagers}{ \insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 land, numerous bynames, livestock and often more precise dating of the values of manors and how they were held. It seem}{\insrsid11022377 s very likely, however, that}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\insrsid11022377 Great}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday was taken directly from the Exon; see \{Introduction: }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Relationship between Exon and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \}. Comparison with}{\insrsid11022377 the Great Domesday}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 version shows that certain folios in Exon have clearly not survived, such as all those dealing with Wiltshire except for one entry, more than half of Dorset and four fiefs and a few entries for Devon. In Exon the overriding principle of arrangement is the individual fief or, partic ularly in the case of Devon, the composite section of landholders (see DE}{\insrsid11022377 V 8 holding note; DEV 22 William note}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ; DEV 47 }{\insrsid11022377 Godebold}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note; }{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid1194326 DEV 52 thanes note}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), and within these the hundred, whereas in }{\insrsid11022377 Great}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday it is the county and within this the fief. In Exon the lands of each holder are given, where they exist in that county, in the order Devon, Cornwall, Somerset (for example, the Count of Mortain}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s lands in Devon directly precede those in Cornwall and these latter precede those in Somerset); the returns for Dorset and the one Wiltshire entry form a separate group, placed near the beginning of the Exon as it is now paginated and bound. Within the fief, or composite section, the lands are often (especially in Devon) arranged in a set order of hundreds, th ough without the hundred name being given, (see \{Introduction: Hundreds\}) and this provides important evidence for the identification of places and in part offsets the lack of hundred headings in the text of }{\insrsid11022377 Great}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday here; see Introduction: the Identification of Places\}. Information is sometimes duplicated in Exon, as for example in Cornwall where the same 11 hides are listed under the }{\insrsid11022377 king'}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s manor of Winnianton (folios 99-100) and among the Count of Mortain}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s holdings (folios 224-227) as he had seized them. In Devon a hide in Shapcombe which in 1066 had been attached to Broadhembury (42,16) but in 1086 was added to Greenway (23,20) is recorded under both manors (Exon 378a3 and 348a3), and the manor of Newton St Cyres is detailed as held by Dunn (52,34 ) and under the fief of the Bishop of Exeter (2,2) who claimed it (Exon 483a5 and 117a2); compare also 1,35 entry note. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab Apart from containing the Exon Domesday proper, the }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Liber Exoniensis }{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 includes the Tax Returns or geld accounts (entitled }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Inquisitio Gheldi }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 on folio 532a) for all five counties (and in three versions for Wiltshire), compiled }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 c}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\insrsid11022377 1084-1086;}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 see \{Introduction: }{\insrsid11022377 The }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Tax Returns}{\insrsid11022377 \}. }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Also included are details for Devon, Cornwall and Somerset of }{ \insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Appropriated Lands}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), on folios 495- 525; no doubt sections on Dorset and Wiltshire originally existed too. These contain condensed entries of certain manors which had had land taken from, or added to}{\insrsid11022377 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 them, or which had not paid their customary dues, or which had been joined to the }{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Honour}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 o r lands of an (Anglo-Saxon) thane, or which had been held as two or more manors before 1066 by one or more holders, or which contained some illegality of tenure; see \{Introduction: the }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 for Devon\}. The information given in the }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 almost always repeats what is in the main Exon returns, but occasionally new information is given (see 1,25 manor note and }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4719057 DEV 44 Hervey note}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ); the reference to the }{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 entry is always mentioned in the Notes, however. A few lists of Hundreds and some summaries complete the }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Liber Exoniensis}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 A convenient contents table of the whole is printed in Galbraith }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday Book in Administrative History}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , pp. 184-88. \par \tab The extant Exon folios dealing with Devon are: 63a (the two Hundred lists see \{Introduction: Hundreds\} ); 65a-7la (Tax Returns); 83a-88a (= 1,1-24. C1-7); 93a-98a (= 1,25-56); 108a-111a (= 1,57-72;35); 117a-136a (= DEV 2-3); 161a (= DEV 4); 177a-180b (= DEV 5); 182a-184b (= DEV 6-7); 194a-196a (= DEV 8-13a, see }{\insrsid11022377 DEV 8 Cranborne note}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 for the order); 210a-223a (= DEV 15); 286a (= DEV 14); 288a-315a (= DEV 16); 316a-334b (= DEV 17); 335a-344a (= DEV 34); 345a-349b (= DEV 23); 356a (= DEV 18); 366a-369a (= DEV 20); 371a (= D EV 38); 376a-379b (= DEV 42); 382a (= DEV 37); 388a-397a (= DEV 24}{\insrsid11022377 and 25,1-27; see DEV 24 Walter}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note for the order); 398a (= 25,28); 399a-406a (= DEV 19); 407a-418a (= DEV 36, 35, 21); 419a-421b (= DEV 28); 456a-462b (= DEV 22, 26-27, 31-33, 40-41, 43, 45-46, 51,14 and an unrecorded manor; see }{\insrsid11022377 DEV 22 William note}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 for the order); 468a-473a (= DEV 47-50 and 51,1; see }{\insrsid11022377 DEV 47 Godebold }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note for the order); 475a-476b (= 51,2-13); 481a-490a (= 51,15-16 and DEV 52); 495a-506b (}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 );}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 527 b 7 (the summary of Glastonbury Abbey}{\insrsid11022377 '}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s land in Devon); 531 a 3 (summary of the Count of Mortain}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s lands in Wiltshire, Dorset, Devon and Cornwall). \par \tab The folios of the main Exon returns containing the material relating to DEV}{\insrsid11022377 29, 30, 39, 44}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , and a few entries at the ends of DEV 28 and DEV 35, have not survived. \par \par The Exon manuscript is preserved in the library of Exeter Cathedral and was printed in 1816 by Sir Henry Ellis in the third volume (fourth in certain bindings) of the Record Commission}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s edition of Domesday, from a tran}{\insrsid11022377 script made by Ralph Barnes (1781-1869}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), Chapter Clerk. This transcript is faulty in a number of places; for example, in the following extract for 210 b 3 the abbreviation sign has been omitted from }{\i\f709\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 qu\'e7lib& }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in the half line after line 9 and }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Ansger}{\i\insrsid11022377 '}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 is a mistake for }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Ansgeri}{ \i\insrsid11022377 '}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in-line 10, while in the }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 extract, 497a8, the abbreviation sign over } {\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ten}{\i\insrsid11022377 '}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in line 2 is not reproduced; see \{Introduction: }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Ellis}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ' }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Text of Exon and the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 VCH Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Translation}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \}.}{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 No }{\insrsid11022377 Ordnance Survey facsimile}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , such as the Ordnance Survey made for }{\insrsid11022377 Great}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday, exists for Exon}{ \insrsid11022377 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The manuscript consists of 532 folios of parchment, the majority of them measuring about 6}{\insrsid11022377 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \'bd}{\insrsid11022377 }{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 by 9}{\insrsid11022377 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \'be}{\insrsid11022377 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 inches (16.5 by 25 c}{\insrsid11022377 entimetres}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ); folios 1-3 and 526-528 are smaller. The quality of the parchment is varied, sometimes thick and white, at othe}{\insrsid11022377 r times very thin, yellow and '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 greasy}{\insrsid11022377 '}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 so that the writing on one side of a folio shows through to the other. Each folio contains a single colu mn on each side, most with about 20 lines; there is no rubrication. These folios fall into a series of quires, or gatherings, varying }{\insrsid11022377 in number between one and ten}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 folios. Generally a}{ \insrsid11022377 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 new quire was started for each major landholder and a new side for most tenants. This led to many blanks, the number of which was increased by spaces sometimes left for information apparently not to hand. There is no indication of the original sequence of quires, and the present order and system of reference date from the las t rebinding in 1816; alas, these are not perfect: folios 519-525 were bound after folio 494 and folio 4}{\insrsid11022377 00 should have been numbered 402}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\insrsid11022377 and folios 401-402 should be 400-401}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . The manuscript is the work of about a dozen scribes and the hand changes often between entries and even within them (for example,}{\insrsid11022377 2 or 3 times in Exon 98a}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 3 = Domesday}{\insrsid11022377 1,50); see }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Finn}{\insrsid11022377 ,}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The Exeter Domesday and its Constr}{\insrsid11022377 uction'; }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Finn, }{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Devonshire Domesdays}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . \par }{\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The text cannot be economically reproduced in full in this edition; nine-tenths of it is repeated in the Domesday }{\insrsid11022377 Survey}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , with discrepancies of a fraction of one per cent in many tens of thousands of figures. Ellis}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 text was originally used for this edition, though a partial check has been made against a newly acquired print-out of the microfilm of the Exon manuscript and the manuscript itself has been consulted where Exon and Domesday}{\insrsid11022377 differ and in a }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 great many other places. The principal corresponding Exon reference, where it survives, is given at the head of the Notes to each entry, after the Domesday reference with}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 other references (for example, to the }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) in}{\insrsid11022377 the }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Notes; the last number refers to the order of the entry on each folio side, as indicated in the manuscript generally by gallows marks. Material supplied by Exon for Devon}{\insrsid11022377 , both in the main}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 returns and in the }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , wh}{\insrsid11022377 ich is additional to that in}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\insrsid11022377 Great}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday is included in this edition in several ways. W}{\insrsid11022377 herever the layout of Great}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday translation allows and where the meaning there would not th us be changed, extra information (from the main Exon entry, unless otherwise stated in the Notes below) is incorporated in the translation }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 in special type,}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 though not always in the same order as in Exon (for example, when Domesday has omitted part (or all) of}{\insrsid11022377 the resources (as at 47,13) th}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ese are added before the livestock from Exon instead of in their usual order in Exon after the livestock, so that the order is uniform with the Domesday entries where all the resources are given). Where Domesday has the phrase }{\insrsid11022377 '}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 n}{\insrsid11022377 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ploughs (which are) there}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , but Exon supplies details of the ploughs in lordship and those held by the villagers (as well as the lordship and villagers}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 land holdings in many cases), this information is given in the}{ \insrsid11022377 table of Lordship and Villagers' Land and Ploughs (see \{Appendix\})}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . Likewise, where details of a sub}{\insrsid11022377 holding (or, in the case of 34,27, of a manor with two subtenants) are given in Exon }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 but not in Domesday, these are incorporated in the }{\insrsid11022377 \{Appendix: Details Table\}}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . }{\insrsid11022377 Finally, all other information and a}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ll the discrepancies between the Domesday}{\insrsid11022377 and Exon texts are given in the Notes. The scope of these is given in \{}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Introduction}{\insrsid11022377 :}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Exon Extra Information and Discrepancies\}.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The substance, though not in the wording, of the whole of the Exeter Domesday returns for Devon is therefore reproduced in this edition. A specimen entry, with the Domesday equivalent, showing the differences}{\insrsid11022377 }{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in formulae is given below}{\insrsid11022377 . \par \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 For a detailed description and evaluation of Exon, see Galbraith }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 Making of Domesday Book}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 , pp. 184-88; Finn, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 Liber Exoniensis}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 ; Ker, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 Medieval Manuscripts in British Libraries}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 ,}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 ii. pp. 800-807; Ellis, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 Domesday Book}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 , iii. (}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 Libri Censualis}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 ),}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 }{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 Introduction, pp. ix-xiv.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid14032075 \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid3540320 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8534\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 EXTRACTS TO SHOW COMPARISON BETWEEN EXON AND EXCHEQUER }{\insrsid11022377 DOMESDAY }{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ENTRIES \par }{\insrsid11022377 \par DEV 15,12}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\insrsid11022377 \par }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 Ansger}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 us}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ten}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 et}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 de. Co}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 mite}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . BOCHELAND. Edmer teneb}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 at}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 T}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 empore}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . R}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 egis}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . E}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 duuardi}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . et geldab}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 at}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 p}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ro}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 .iii. hid}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 is}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 dim}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 idia}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 virg}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ata}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 t}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 er}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 rae min}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 us}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . T}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 er}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ra. e}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 st}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 .xx.car}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 rucis}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . In do}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 mi}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 nio s}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 un}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 t .iii.car}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ruci}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 .7 vii.serui.7 xlii}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 .uill}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 an}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 i 7 v. bord}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 arii}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 cu}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 .viii. car 7 dimid}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ia}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . Ibi .xl. ac}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 rae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 p}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ra}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ti. 7 c. ac}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 rae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 siluae. }{\i\insrsid11022377 Pas}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 tura .i. leu}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 gam}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 l}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 on}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ga. 7 dimid}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 iam}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 leu}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 gam}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 lat}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 a}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . \par Olim 7 modo ua}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 lebat}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 vii.lib}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ras }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 7 x. solid}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 os}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . \par Huic M}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 anerio}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 est addit}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 a}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 GALESHORE. Eduui teneb}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 at}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 T}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 empore}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . R}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 egis}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . E}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 duuardi}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . p}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ro}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 uno M}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 anerio}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . 7 geldb}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 at}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 p}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ro}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 dim}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 idia}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 v}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 irgata}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 t}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 er}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 rae.T}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 er}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ra.e}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 st}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 .i. car}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 rucae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . q}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 uae}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ibi. e}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 st}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 cu}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 .iii.uill}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 an}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 is.7 xx. ac}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ris}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 pafturae. Olim 7 modo ual}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ebat}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 x. solidos. \par }{\insrsid11022377 \par Ansger holds BUCKLAND [Brewer]}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 from the Count [of Mortain]. Edmer held it before 1066. It paid tax for 3 hides, less}{\insrsid11022377 \'bd }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 virgate of land. Land tor 20 ploughs. In lordship 3 ploughs; 7 slaves; \par }{\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 42 villagers and 5 smallholders with 8}{\super\insrsid11022377 }{\insrsid11022377 \'bd }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ploughs. \par }{\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Meadow, 40 acres; woodland, 100 acres; pasture 1 league long and}{\insrsid11022377 \'bd }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 league wide. Value formerly and now \'a37 10s. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8534\tx9264\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\scaps\insrsid11022377 \tab GALSWORTHY }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 has been added to this}{\insrsid11022377 manor. Edwy held it before 1066 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 as one manor. It paid tax for}{\insrsid11022377 \'bd }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 virgate of land}{\insrsid11022377 . Land for 1 plough which }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 is there, with}{\insrsid11022377 \par \tab }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 3 villagers. }{\insrsid11022377 \par \tab }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Pasture, 20 acres. }{\insrsid11022377 \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Value formerly and now 10s. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8534\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\insrsid11022377 \par \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid5074222 Exon 210b3 (main entry)}{\insrsid11022377 \par }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 Comes h}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 abe}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377 t. i}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . mans}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ionem}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 q}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 uae}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 : uocat}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ur}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 Bochelanda. q}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 uam}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 tenuit Edmarator}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 us}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ea die q}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ua}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 rex .E}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 duuardus}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . f}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 uit}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . u}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 iuus}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . et.}{ \i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ortuus}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . et}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 reddidit gildu}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 p}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ro}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . iii. hidis dimidia uirga min}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 us}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . has poss}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 unt}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 arare xx. carr}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ucae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 .}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 Et m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [} {\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 odo}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 tenet}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ea}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 Anfgeri}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 us}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 brito de comite.}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 Inde h}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 abe}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 t. A}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 nsgerius}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . dimidia}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 hida}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 am}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . et.}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 iii. carr}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ucas}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 in d}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 omi}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 nio. et villani. ii. hidas. et.i. uirga}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . et}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 dim}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 idiam}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . et.}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 viii. carr}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 rucas}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 et}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 dim}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 idiam}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 .}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 Ibi h}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 abe}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 t. A}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 nsgerius}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . xl. ii. uillanos. et.}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 v. bordarios; et}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 iii. porcarios et}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 vii. feruos. et}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 xix. animalia. et.}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 cl. oues. et.}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 l. capras. et.}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 c. agros nemoris. et}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 xl. agros pti. et.}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 1. leuga}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 pascue in long}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 itudine}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . et}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 dimidia}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 in lat}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 itudine}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . haec ualet. vii. lib}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ros}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 .}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 et.}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 x. sol}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 idos}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . et q}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ua}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ndo comes ea}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 recepit. ualebat tantu}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 n}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 de}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377 . Huic mans}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ioni est adiuncta. i. mans}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 io}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 q}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 uae}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 : uocat}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ur}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 Galeshora q}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 uam}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 tenuit Edwi. ea die q}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ua}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 rex}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 E}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 duuardus}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 f}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 uit}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 u}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 iuus}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 et}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ortuus}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 et}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 potuit ire ad que}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 libet}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 d}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 omi}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 n}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 u}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m et}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 reddidit gildu}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 p}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ro}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 dim}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 idia}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 uirga. hanc pot}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 est}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 arare. i. carr}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 uca}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . hanc tenet}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 Anfger}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ius}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 de comite.}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 Ibi h}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 abe}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 t. A}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 nsgerius}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . iii. villanos. q}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ui}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 h}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 aben}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 t i. carr}{\i\insrsid11022377 '}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 et.}{\i\insrsid11022377 xx. agros pas}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 cuae. haec ualet.}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 x. sol}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 idos}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . et}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 q}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ua}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ndo comes recepit ualebat tantu}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 n}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 de}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11479380 . \par }{\insrsid11022377 \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The Count [of Mortain] has a manor called}{\scaps\insrsid11022377 BUCKLAND}{\insrsid11022377 [}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Brewer}{\insrsid11022377 ] which Edmer Ator held in 1066}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 *}{\insrsid11022377 . }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 It paid tax for 3 hides, less}{\insrsid11022377 \'bd }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 virgate}{\insrsid11022377 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 20 ploughs can plough these. Now Ansger the Breton}{\insrsid11022377 holds it from the c}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 oun}{\insrsid11022377 t.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Ansger has}{\insrsid11022377 \'bd }{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hide and 3 ploughs in lordship and the villagers (have) 2}{\insrsid11022377 hides and 1 \'bd virgates and 8 \'bd ploughs. Ansger has there }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 42 villagers}{\insrsid11022377 }{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 5 smallholders, 3 pigmen, 7 slaves, 19 cattle, 150 sheep, 50 goats, 100 acre}{\insrsid11022377 s of woodland, 40 acres of meadow, 1 league of pasture in length and \'bd in width.V}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 alue \'a37 10s; value when the }{\insrsid11022377 count}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 acquired it, as much}{\insrsid11022377 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 To this}{\insrsid11022377 manor has been added a manor }{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 called }{\scaps\insrsid11022377 GALSWORTHY}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 which Edwy held in 1066;}{\insrsid11022377 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 he could go to whichever lord he would. It paid tax for}{ \insrsid11022377 \'bd }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 virgate 1 plough can plough it. Ansger holds it from the }{\insrsid11022377 count}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . Ansger has there 3 villagers who have 1 plough and 20 acres of pasture}{ \insrsid11022377 +. Value 1}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 0s value when the }{\insrsid11022377 count}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 acquired it, as much.}{\insrsid11022377 \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Exon}{\insrsid11022377 497a}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 8 (}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) \par }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 Comes de moritonio h}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 abe}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 t. i. mans}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [ }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 ionem}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 q}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 uae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 uocat}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 ur}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 Bochelanda. huic }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 est}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 adiuncta dim}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 idia}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 uirg}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 a}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 t}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 er}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 rae. q}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 uae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 uocat}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 ur}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 Galefhora. q}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 uam}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 ten}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 ebat}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 . i. tagn}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 us}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\super\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 parit}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 er}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 . haec n}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 on}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 p}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 er}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 tinuit huic p}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 rae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 dictae mans}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 ioni}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 ea die q}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 ua}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 rex. E}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 duuardus}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 . f}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 uit}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 . u}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 iuus}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 . et. m}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 ortuus}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 . \par Hanc tenet. Anfger}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 ius}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 brito de comite. et ual}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 ebat}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 p}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 er}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 ann}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 um}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 . x. sol}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 idos}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 . et}{\i\insrsid11022377 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 tantu}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 n}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 de}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 ualeb}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 at}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 q}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 ua}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 n}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 do}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 comes ea}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 m}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 accep}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 [}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 it}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ]}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid3213874 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\insrsid11022377 \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The Count of Morta}{\insrsid11022377 in has a manor called BUCKLAND [Brewer]}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\insrsid11022377 \'bd }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 virgate of land has been added to it, called} {\insrsid11022377 GALSWORTHY}{\scaps\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 which a thane held jointly. It did not belong to the above }{\insrsid11022377 manor in 1066}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 *}{ \insrsid11022377 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Ansger the Breton holds it from the }{\insrsid11022377 count}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . Value 10s a year; value when the }{\insrsid11022377 count}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 acquired it, as much.}{\insrsid11022377 \par \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 * }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 ea die qua rex .Eduuardus fuit uiuus et mortuus}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 :}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 on the day when King Edward was alive and dead}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 , that is, 5th January 1066; in this edition it is always translated }{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 in 1066}{\insrsid11022377 '} {\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 and is equivalent to }{\insrsid11022377 Great}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 Domesday}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 s T.R.E. }{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 before 1066}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 (see C4 before note). \par \par +It is not clear from the Latin whether Ansger or the villagers have the pasture.}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid15220318 \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid12142278 Exon Extra Information and Discrepancies}{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid12142278 \par }{\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 Scope of the N}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11208560 otes}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 concerning Exon}{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid11208560 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 The Notes }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 incorporate material }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 supplied by the Exon Domesday returns and the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 Terrae Occupatae}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 for Devon, which is not in Domesday and which it has not proved possible to include either in special type in}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 the translation or in the Lordship and Villagers}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Table or in the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \{Appendix: Details Table\} }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 (for both these tables, see \{Appendix\}). Als}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 o mentioned in the Notes }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 are any differences between the texts, other than simply of phrasing, and information given in Domesday that is not in Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 .}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Information given in Domesday or the corresponding Exon main entry, that is omitted in the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 , is not generally mentioned. The information that can be gleaned from the Tax Returns is cited where it illuminates the text of Domesday.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The summary of the one land of Glastonbury Abbey}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 in Devon is given }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 in}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 DEV}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 4 Glastonbury note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , and refere}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 nce is made in DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 15 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 count note }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 to the summary of the Count of Mortain}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s fief.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Scribal errors in the Exon manuscript, of which there are a great many, are given only when they occur in a quotation. Ralph Barnes}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 errors of tr}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 anscription}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 are poi}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 nted out as far as possible; see \{Introduction: Ellis' Text of Exon and the }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 VCH Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid8869165 Translation\}.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 One item of information not in the main Exon nor in Domesday, occurs in the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 at 500a4 between details of the Abbot of Tavistock's newly acquired manor of Raddon (5,9 Raddon note; it is interesting that that entry also records an item of information not in the main Exon nor in Domesday) and the Bishop of Coutances' combined manor of Aylescott (3,40 Aylescott note): 'In the Hundred of Molton is 1 furlong (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 ferdinus}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 )}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 of land which 1 plough can plough. It lies completely waste (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 penitus uastatus iacet}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 ).}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 No man claims it'. It is not clear whether this is North Molton Hundred or South Molton Hundred; see \{Introduction: Hundreds\}. Because the furlong ('ferling') could not be assigned to anyone's fief (unlike the virgate attached }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 T.R.E.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 to Shilstone, Domesday 43,3, which 'no one holds', though there are 2 villagers on it), it does not appear in the main Exon returns and thus not in Domesday. It is unlikely that the reason for its non-appearance was due to details of it arriving after the main Exon had been written. For other whole }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 Terrae Occupatae}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 entries not in the main Exon nor in Domesday, see 1,25 Lifton note; 1,66 Lapford note; 2,2 Crediton note; 15,14 Bulkworthy note and DEV 44 Hervey note, and, for those }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15162862 entries which add significant information to Domesday, see that same note (DEV 44 Hervey note).}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid10966964 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid12472943 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Relationship between Exon}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 and Great}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The relationship between the Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 main returns and Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday has been the subject of much discussion. According to Eyton}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ,}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Somerset}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 Survey}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 i}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 .}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 pp. 4-5, Reichel in }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 VCH Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , i.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 pp. 377-379}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and Salzmann in }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11208560 VCH Cornwall}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , ii. part viii, pp. 45-46}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , Exon was completely unconnected with Domesday, though Eyton did suggest that the same }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Commissioners}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Notes}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 that preceded Exon were later sent to Winchester to be used in the production of }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday; at the same time Reichel and Salzmann believed that the Dorset and Wiltshire sections in Exon were taken from }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday, but that for Devon, Cornwall and Somerset, Domesday and Exon were }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 independent compilations}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . Meanwhile, Vinogradoff}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11208560 , }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid11208560 English Society in the Eleventh Century}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11208560 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 p. 228,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 maintained that Exon was a later document }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 written for the use of the Abbey of Tavistock or, at any rate, by scribes prejudiced in its favour}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ! Round (in }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 VCH }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11208560 Somerset}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 i}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 .}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Introduction to the Somerset Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 pp. 383-432) professed himself uncertain as to the character, origin and object of the Exon Domes}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 day. However, Baring, 'Exeter Domesday,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 came to the conclusion that Domesday was derived from Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 . }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 More recently, the idea has been put forward that a fair copy was made of the Exon we now possess, and it was sent to Winchester and was used in the compilation of Domesday and afterwards destroyed, having served its purpose (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 our}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Exon manuscript meanwhile r}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 emained at Exeter); see Finn, }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11208560 Liber Exoniensis}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , pp. 28, 52-54; Finn '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Immediate Sources}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ', and Finn, 'Devon Domesdays', }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14878806 114}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , also Galbraith}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 , }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid5248401 Making of Domesday Book}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid5248401 , pp. 31-32, 102-22.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The present editors, however, are convinced that the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday scribe had in front of him the Exon manuscript in its present form, no doubt with the portions of Devon,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Dorset and Wiltshire that have not survived. The evidence for this is various.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 One of the first aspects of the five south-western counties that strikes the reader of}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Domesday Book, is the lack of h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred headings. Although the policy throughout Domesday was to include them, it would seem that for some reason they were omitted in Exon (perhaps }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid926077 because not thought necessary, on which see Galbraith, }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid926077 Making of Domesday Book}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid926077 , pp. 114-15) and by the time that volume reached Winchester it was too late to discover}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 in which h}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds the thousands of places lay and so the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 was forced to follow his copy in not including them. Secondly, within a fief the order of entries in }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday frequently, especially in Devon, Somerset and Dorset, follows almost the exact order of those in Exon (see, fo}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 r example, DEV 2 Bishop note; DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 5}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Tavistock note; DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 6}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Buckfast note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 DEV 16 Baldwin note; DEV 17 Iudhael note; DEV 19 William note; DEV 20 William note; DEV 21 William note; DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 23}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Walter note; DEV 28 Robert}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid9963736 note}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 ; DEV 29 Robert note; DEV 30 Richard note; DEV 34 Ralph note; DEV 35 Roald note; DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 36}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Theobald note; DEV}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 39}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 Alfred note; DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 42}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Odo note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ).}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 But it is when one comes to study the manuscripts of Exon and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday closely that the immediate dependence of the latter on the former becomes unmistakable. Firstly, numerous items of information, misplaced in Exon, are often similarly misplaced in }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 for example, the salt-workers in 15,23}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (15,23 salt-workers note)}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , the fishery in 1,60}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (1,60 fishery note)}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , the slaves in 2,21 and 3,5}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (2,21 slaves note; 3,5 slaves note)}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , the pigmen in 23,9 and 42,6}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (23,9 pigmen note; 42,6 pigmen note)}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 the details of Maker in 1,22}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 (1,22 manors note)}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . Compare }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 also the details of Barlington (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 3,19) which were written in the margin of the Exon manuscript (though at an early stage) and missed by the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and then added later at the foot of the column, and the case}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 s}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 of the marginal }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 par}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 iter}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 )}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 (15,47 jointly note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) which are also often marginal or interlined in Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 .}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 If a copy had been made of Exon, all or a great majority of these items would have been entered in their correct places. (Although the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 was capable of adding information in the wrong place, there are too many such misplacemen}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ts of the same items in both manuscripts}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 to be coincidental.) It might be thought that late information was added to both Domesday and Exon at the same time, but in the vast majority of cases in Exon the ink colour and the scribe of the misplacements and additions are the same as for the main p art of the entry, which would be unlikely if they were done much later, considering the number of scribes employed in writing Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 .}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (Although there is overwhelming evidence that the Exon manuscript was checked, this was done early on and the majority of the corrections were seen and incorporated by the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .)}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Secondly, errors in personal and place-names and figures, bad grammar and confused constructions in Exon are perpetuated in Domesday (for example,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 see 17,52 Alric note; 16,57}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Wembworthy note; 34,13 Mowlish note; 52,10 Chittlehampton note; 5,1 land note; 20,13 land note; }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 35,22 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 this note and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 17,1}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Totnes note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ); again, one would have expected the scribe of the fair copy to have corrected at least a major proportion of these errors, this after all being the main purpose of a }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 fair copy}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Thirdly, peculiarities in terms and formulae that appear in Exon regularly find their way into }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday, such as the 5 virgates, in place of 1 hide 1 virgate, in 31,1 (and compare 4 virgates for 1 hide in 28,10), the rare }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 -x }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ending in the personal name }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Alebrix }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 16,36}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Aubrey note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), the unusual phrase }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 cum omnibus ibi pertinentibus }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in 1,7; see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 also 1,6 (virgates note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Fourthly, although the Domesday scribe largely adjusted the words and formulae of Exon to accord with the standar}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 dized Great forms (see \{Introduction:}{ \b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3429103 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Exon and Great Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3429103 Formulae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \}}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), there are several occasions where these are preserved (apparently by accident) in Domesday, such as the use of }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 mansiones }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 instead of }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 maneria }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (see 1,22 manors }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note). In numerous instances the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 has followed his copy too closely and this has led to errors; for example, the smiths in 1,27 and the beekeepers in 23,15 are in the accusative case as they are in Exon, not in the nominative as they should be in the Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 formula (and compare }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1,57}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 pasture note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 qui }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 has been mistakenly retained in a phrase which has been }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 partially altered (see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 2,1}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 acres note); see also General }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 16,151 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 held note }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and compare}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 3,82 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 pays note }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 24,2}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 paid note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . The fact that on several occasions a figure correction in Domesday is paralleled by one in Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (see 2,24 Cottagers note, final paragraph}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) might be due to the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe'}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s correcting the Exon manuscript at the same time as, or soon after, he corrected the Domesday manuscript}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ; but see }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 19,11 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 value note.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 It would be hard to explain away the countless discrepancies between Exon and Domesday by saying that there would have been few, if any, discrepancies between Domesday and the }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 fair copy}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 of Exon, because this would mean that the compiler and/or scribe involved}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 in this fair copy}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 either}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 had}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 received a mass of information, presumably correcting the original Exon manuscript, or had himself introduced the mistakes (which the }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 then copied). Incorporating corrections to the original Exon would have taken an immense time, and time was very short: in fact it is far from clear whether there would have been time to make a copy at all of such a vast document. There is much evidenc e that }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 our}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Exon manuscript was corrected and this must have been a separate}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ,}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 earlier exercise to that envisaged by the upholders of the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 fair copy}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 view because the corrected material is reproduced in the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 manuscript, and because, if only one set of corrections had been done, then the figure and other errors in the original Exon (which form the discrepancies with Domesday) would have been altered at the same time as the ones we see in the manuscript}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 today; }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and if this had been the case, then there would be far fewer discrepancies.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Moreover, a study of the Exon manuscript explains a great many of these discrepancies: in several cases interlineations or marginal additions in Exon (though done at the same time as the main body of the entry, judging by t he colour of the ink and with no change in scribe) led to omissions by the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (for example, of the subtenant in 48,1, the pigmen in 15,12 and 16,23, the }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 market (which is also misplaced) }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in 11,1) or to delayed inclusion (for example, of the house in Exeter in 32,6) or to incorrect figures (for example, the Domesday scribe missed the interlined }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377 7}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 v }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 of the value in 17,4 and the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid751594 i}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in the woodland acres in 21}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ,13; see 17,4 value note; 21,13 woodland note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . Again, the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 has obviously in some cases misread an Exon correction, such as in the number of pigs in 20,15 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (20,15 pigs note) }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and in the value in 42,6 (see }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 42,6 value note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), and in several cases a portion of an erasure in Exon seems to have been read as part of the correction, such as in the number of pigs in 23,15 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (23,15 pigs note) }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and in the former value in 5,4}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (5,4 value note)}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 the present value in 21,13 (21,13 value note); }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 compare16,121}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 tax note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 17,85}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 villagers note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . Bad writing in Exon may well have caused several of the discrepancies with Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (see, for example, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 7,1 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 lordship note and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 16,27}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Honeychurch note; 16,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 44 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Dolton note }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 25,20}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Ash note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), and the greasy parchment of the Exon manuscript caused parts of the number of villagers in 7,4 and of slaves in 31,1 and of the value of the mill in 15,23 not to be clearly visible and the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 omitted these parts. The fact that in several instances part of a number or measurement overruns a line in Exon and the Domesday scribe only copied the first}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 part (see 3,86 ploughs note;}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 17,69}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 tax note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 34,25}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 tax note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), is further proof that the existing Exon manuscript was used by the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 : the composition of individual lines would be totally different in a copy. In 23,5 the }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 misunderstood }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 carr}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in the Exon manuscript because he missed the interlined }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 t'}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ra}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (see}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 23,5 villagers note an}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 d compare 52,10 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 lordship }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note), and also in this entry an interlineation may have caused the omission of some of the villag}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ers (see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 23,5}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 villagers note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). For explanations of other discrepancies between Domesday and Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 15,4 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 villagers note and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 19,16 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Lynton note and 28,12 Beenleigh note (on place-names), also 1,50 villagers note,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 2,6}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 underwood note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 5,4 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 value note }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 on figure discrepancies),}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 15,38 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ploughs note }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 on ploughs) and}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 16,30}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 villagers note; 16,87 villagers note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 17,71 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 villager note }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 48,1}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 smallholders note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (on lordship and villagers}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ploughs).}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The omission in Domesday of items of information that are clearly written in the Exon manuscript and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 are of a type that the Great Domesday}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 scribe normally includes, such as the lordship ploughs in a dozen manors, is harder to explain.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid9053512 At the first occurrence of ea}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ch category of omissions, reference is}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid9053512 made in the Notes}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 to}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid9053512 other omissions of it and possible reasons for this}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (thus,}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid9053512 for the omission of woodland in some Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 entries, see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid9053512 1,4}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 woodland note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid9053512 , or of villagers see 23,4}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 smallholders note)}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid9053512 .}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Sometimes, however, one can see why the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe failed to include an item: }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 perhaps it was misplaced (like the salt-house for 35,20) or interlined (like the fishermen for 20,15 or the subtenant for 48,1), though in each case by the same scribe who wrote the rest of the entry, or a whole line was obviously accident}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 ally omitted (see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 32,5}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 woodland note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) or the phrasing of Exon misled him (see 23,4 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 smallholders note }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 49,3 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 plough note }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 on the omitted villagers); see also }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 1,4 villagers note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 3,84 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 men note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 16,44 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 pigmen note and 1,4 woodland note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Of course, not all the differences between the two texts can be expl}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ained away by looking at the manuscripts}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . There is some evidence that the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 had access to other sources of information (su}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ch as, perhaps, Tax Returns or h}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 al}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 lists, local data or to the results of lawsuits; compare 24,17 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 tax note }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 34,11} {\cf1\insrsid11022377 Holcombe note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), or had recourse to simple deductions}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (as probably for 3,51 and 23,1;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 3,51 land note and 23,1 land note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), which would explain the few instances of information in Domesday which is not}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in Exon (see 3,51}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 land note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). Moreover, information to correct the Exon may have come to light after it was compiled: this might be the case with changes in tenants (for example, see 24,14}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Wulfwy note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , and in some of the cases where Domesday has the tenant-in-chief holding a manor }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 himself}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and Exon gives a subtenant, the manor may have reverted to the}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 tenant-in-chief, for which see, for example}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid9532033 , 23,7 holds note; 34,16 holds note and 47,10 holds note) or in numbers of population or}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 present values or acreage (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 see, for example, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 17,67}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 meadow note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). Finally, simple error on the part of the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 no doubt played a large part in the discrepancies (for example,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 5,4}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 value note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 15,70}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 smallholders note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ); certainly the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe'}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s carelessness can be proved in a number of cases (for example, see his misreading of several place-names, a list of }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 which is given in }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 16,42}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 "Helescane" note}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ).}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab According to Finn, }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3105505 Liber Exoniensis}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 pp. 52-54}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 this fair copy of Exon contai ned some extra information, but perhaps did not include later additions to the surviving Exon manuscript, and the foliation was different. However, it seems odd that if such a copy were made, so few new details were added to it, in other words}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 that it was so like its original, as can be seen from }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday. One would have expected, at least, that the obvious absences of certain items of information usually included would have been rectified, such as the full name of Baldwin}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s subtenant }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 W }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 for 16,175 (and compare}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 52,26}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 before note; 52,}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 30}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 virgate note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) and th}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 e plough estimate in 35,6. The h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred heads could also have been inserted in a fair copy. Finn}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s point about the later additions was intended to explain many of th}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 e }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 discrepancies between Exon and Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 the corrections in our Exon which cause the discrepancies were done }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7294342 after} {\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 the copy had been made)}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 but a study of the Exon manuscript shows that, though undoubtedly some corrections were done at a later stage (though not necessarily after the manuscript had been used to produce Domesday), the great majority are }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 immediate}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 corrections. In any case, it would be very odd if these so-called }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 later}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 additions to the original Exon manuscript were not transferred to the copy for inclusion in the official }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday: there would be little point spending time neatly correcting a manuscript which had already been superseded. The omissions in }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday of material that appears in our Exon might be due to the accidental omiss}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ion of such items in the copy, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or to errors made by the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 clerks; }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Finn, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Devonshire Domesdays}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , p. 115. As to the foliation in the copy being different, this might explain the original omission}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in Domesday of Dorset 36,4-11 (s}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 ee DOR 36,4 entry note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), but the method and order of the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe'}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s excerpting of Walter}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s lands from the composite section in Exon can only be explained by the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 'quire'}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 arrangement of the present Exon manuscript at this point (see }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 DEV 24 Walter note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ); Finn attempts to avoid this objection by stating that in this case the booklets were the same. For Finn}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s view of the phrases }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hoc }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (or }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 haec }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hi}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377 c}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 )}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 scripsit Ricardus }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 usque huc}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (not }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hoc}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 as Finn, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Devonshire Domesdays}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , p. 115) }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 scripsit R}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in the margins of the Exon manuscript being the work of the sc}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ribe making this fair copy, see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 17,5}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 folio note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid9053512 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 According to Galbraith}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7294342 Making of Domesday Book}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , pp. 105-107 (though Finn, }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7294342 Liber Exoniensis}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 p. 54 disagrees) some attempt was made in the fair copy of Exon to organise the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 king'}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s lands and those of his thanes and servants in an order closer to that adopted for the other counties in Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (see DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 king note; DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 22}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 William note; DEV 24 Walter note; DEV 47 Godebold note; }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid1194326 DEV 52 thanes note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). These rearrangements, however, were neither too extensive nor too complicated to have been done entirely by the compiler of Domesday at the time of writing. Indeed, several aspects of the rearrangement in Domesday of the composite Exon secti ons can only be explained by assuming that the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 had in front of him the extant Exon manuscript. If, for example, the large Exon section of French Men-at-Arms (see }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 DEV 22 William note; DEV 22 William note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) had been re-organised into individual chapters in the copy (as in Domesday), the reason for the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe's omission of Floh}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 here}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s manor of }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid13961380 "Sotrebroc"}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in his repeated scanning of this section during excerpting the holdings of tenants-in-chief, would disappear. Finally, the Exon manuscript is a document so regular and neat as a whole (in fact many folios are less corrected than those of }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday for Devon) that it would not really need to be recopied to improve its legibility.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 For specific examples of the dependence of the Dorset Domesday on the Exon manuscript}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 see DOR }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid13961380 \{ Introduction: Exon Extra Information and Discrepancies\}.}{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid12142278 \par }{\insrsid11022377 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx994\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377 In Exon at the foot of folio 316a (in the middle of the entry corresponding to 17,5,}{\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 though several lines below it), written up against the left, inner, edge of the Exon manuscript, are the words }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 h' }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (or possibly }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 h '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 )}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 sc }{\i\cf1\super\insrsid11022377 i}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 psit Ricardus }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 'Richard wrote this/these/here'. The scribe does not appear to be the same as for the entries on this folio or succeeding ones, though the hand is contemporary with the manuscript; the ink is paler than the rest of 316a and succeeding folios. There is no mark beside the words or in the text indicating what Richard wrote. Ellis did not pri nt this statement, nor a similar one at the bottom of 406b: }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 h}{\i\cf1\super\insrsid11022377 .}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 qd' Jordan sc}{\i\cf1\super\insrsid11022377 i}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 psit }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 'what Jordan wrote' (with something written before it which is only partially legible: }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid926077 ...}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 ic...de..et }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 [or }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 ber}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ]}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377 se }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ?)}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid926077 . It seems to be similar to that on 316a, although the writing is faint and the script small an}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 d the parchment is yellow and thick; see 19,28 folios note on the original position of this mostly blank folio and the damage to it. A third, similar piece of information, which Ellis did print (though not in the correct place), appears on 414a (see 35,19 Hankford note); the writing is larger than that of the other two.}{\insrsid11022377 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab According to Finn, 'Immediate Sources', pp. 48-49, these phrases (he makes no mention of the one at the foot of 406b), together with the words }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 consummatum est }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (see below), were written by scribes involved in making a fair copy of Exon (for Exchequer use). However, there is no proof that the person(s) writing these statements were Richard, Jordan or }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 R}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ;}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 the statements could have been written, for example, by the chief clerk in the scriptorium (which would explain why the writing of two at least of the three seems to be the same and also why the script and ink colour are not the same as in the surrounding entries), possibly notes by him to be used as a record for the future payment of the scribes concerned. There may be more similar statements in the Exon manuscript, which only a lengthy and close study of it will reveal.}{\insrsid11022377 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab As to the phrase }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 consummatum est}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 it occurs nine times on the reverse of an otherwise bla nk last folio of a quire: on 209b, 370b, 387b, 449b, 451b, 455b (perhaps erased), 467b (there is writing on 467a; Finn, 'Immediate Sources', }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid9845800 pp. 48-49}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 misprints 476b), 474b and 494b; once on 155a (the first page of a quire); and once, in the form }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 consummatum est usque huc}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 in the middle of a quire on 490a in the right margin level with the 3-line space between the end of the 'Lands of English Thanes in Devonshire' and the beginning of the section on the English thanes in Somerset. These phrases appear afte r folios dealing with Somerset lands, apart from the one on 209b which comes after Cornish lands. With the exception of the phrase on 490a which is definitely written in the same colour ink, and by the same scribe, as the last entries for the Devon thanes and perhaps even the first for the Somerset thanes, these }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 consummatum est }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 phrases are written in large lower-case letters or capitals, often in a 'square' hand. It seems likely, as Ker}{\insrsid11022377 , } {\i\insrsid11022377 Medieval Manuscripts in British Libraries}{\insrsid11022377 , ii.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 p. 804, thinks, that th ese phrases were meant to indicate that 'all the matter for the quire had been gathered in and that the blank space was to remain blank'. The fact that the phrase on 490a (if, as seems probable, it was written for the same purpose as the others) was clear ly done by the scribe of the surrounding entries, argues against Finn's view that these phrases were the work of scribes involved in copying the manuscript: if this were the case the ink colour on 490a would not be the same.}{\insrsid11022377 \par }{\cf1\striked1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3894241 \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx1238\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid13961380 The }{\b\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid13961380 Terrae Occupatae }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid13961380 for Devon}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx1234\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Devon has 193 entries in the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 filling folios 495a-506b inclusive of the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Liber}{\insrsid11022377 }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Exoniensis}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 They are arrange}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 d, it would seem, partially by h}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred (the first eight are in Lifton Hundred, and on 496a-497a with one e}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 xception come 11 in Chillington (later Coleridge) }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred) and partially by subject (for example, 11 consecutive entries on 505b-506a contain details of withheld customary dues from houses in Exeter and, with one break, 9 at 505a,b deal with lands added to the Honours of Edmer Ator and Ordwulf). These are condensed entries, containing for the most part information already recorded in the main Exon; it is just possible that, despite several cases of information not to be found in the main Exon}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 returns (see}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4719057 1,25 Lifton note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4719057 DEV 44 Hervey note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), these }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 entries were taken from those returns. However, it is more probable that while our Exon manuscript (itself a condensation) was at Winchester being used in the compilation of }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday, som e of the earlier material relating to the Inquiry remained at Exeter for the hearing of claims and the sorting out of illegal tenure and occupation; this material, either fuller in itself or amplified or corrected at the hearings, may have produced the }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (This would perhaps explain the omission from the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 of some abstractions or additions one would expect to find therein, such as }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 the dispute over Werrington (5,5 entry note) and see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 3,32 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 before note and }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 2,2 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 bishop note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ; other instances of }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 omissions}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 seem to have been accidental, see 20,1}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 held note}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .) For Finn}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s views on the origin of the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , see}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 Finn, }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7108311 Liber Exoniensis}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , pp. 56-60.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 As with the main Exon returns, a number of scribes were employed in the production of the }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and the entries show no signs of being written continuously at a single time.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 As the name implies, these }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 are lands, either whole manors or parts of manors, which had been }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 seized}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 appropriated}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , though sometimes only in the weakened sense of}{\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 disputed}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or containing some illegality in tenure; they are of the same genre as the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Clamores }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Claims}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Declarations }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 recorded at the end of Yorkshire, Lincolnshire and Huntingdonshire and are related to the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Inuasiones }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Annexations}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) at the end of Norfolk, Suffolk and Essex. The entries of the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 fall into several categories. The largest group, comprising some 98 entries, has two subdivisions which sometimes overlap: there are those entries which concern manors which Domesday merely states had been held by two or more thanes, but for which the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 formula is basically }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 A }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (1086 holder) has a manor called }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 B }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 which a thane held freely/jointly in 1066; }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 e }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hides which 1 or 2 (or more) thane(s) held freely/jointly in 1066 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7108311 (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7108311 or}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 the lands of 1 or 2 (or more}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ) thane(s) which they held ...}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 They }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid926077 (the}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 lands) paid tax for ...}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 another manor}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 which ... It paid tax for ... '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) have been added to it. }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 C }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 holds from }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 A}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Value (of the added lands) }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7108311 \'a3}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 y}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ; when (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 A}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 )}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 acquired them }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \'a3}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 z}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4933974 .}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 In these }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 entries the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4933974 T.R.E.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 holders are often called }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 thanes}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and they regularly held }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 freely }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 or 'jointly' (see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1,15 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 freely note }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 on these terms; the main Exon and Domesday entries also sometimes designate the manner of tenure thus in this ty}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 pe) and in several entries (see, for example, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 17,14}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Sydenham note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 19,4 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Putford note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) the added manors are said not to have belonged in 1066 to the manor to which they were added, hence }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid926077 the idea that they had been wrongly combined. In the Notes, this type of }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid926077 Terrae Occupa}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 tae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 entry is given next to the manor}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s name}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ; see, for example, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 3,12}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Henscott note}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 3,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 40}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Aylescott note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 20,7}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Worlington note;}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 28,2}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Ottery note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 35,9}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Putford note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 36,2}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Bucks; note 39,6 Curworthy note; 39,15 Milton note; 47,14 Lowton note; 49,7 Huish note; 50,1 Poltimore note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . The second subdivision of this largest group comprises entries which state either that a whole manor has been added to another manor or that parts of manors have been added. Where it is the case of a whole manor being added, neither the main Exon nor }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday always records this fact for some reason (see 16,9 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Lewtrenchard note }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 for these cases) . In this subdivision are details of two additions not recorded either in the main Exon or in Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (see 1,66 Irishcombe note and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4719057 DEV 44 Hervey note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 A second category of }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 entry, containing some 14 entries, deals with removals of land from manors (for example,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 see 1,40 manor note; 3,92 hide note; 7,4 manor note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), includi}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ng one only recorded there (see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4719057 DEV 44 Hervey note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). A third group of 36 entries concerns manors that had been added to the Honour/ lands of a particular thane; again reference}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 to such entries appears in the }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Notes next to the manor}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s n}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ame (see, for example, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 15,16}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Torrington note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 15,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 17}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 'Stockleigh' note; 15,18 'Stockleigh' note; 15,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 19}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 Poughill note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 15,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 20}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Holbrook note; 15,21 Farringdon note; 15,22 Rockbeare note}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). The 1066 holders are regularly said to have held }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 jointly}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 freely}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or to be able to }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 go to whichever lord they would with their land}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and the land held is often said to have been added }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 wrongfully}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or to have }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 not belonged}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 to the lands (generally o f some important Anglo-Saxon thane such as Edmer Ator, Ordwulf or Brictric) which had been (legally) transferred to the 1086 holder (see}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , for example, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 15,14}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Bulkworthy note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ; 15}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ,15 Smytham note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . 40,l}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Stafford note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 40,3 Brimblecombe note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .). }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 O}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 n this method of acquiring lands}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , \par see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 15,31}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 held note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid13399824 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Details in some 30 entries of withheld customary dues, whether owed to a royal manor (for example,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1,11}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 manor note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid9532033 1,23 dues note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) or from houses in Exeter (for example,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 3,2 dues note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 9,2}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 paid note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 5,15}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 dues note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), form a fourth group. Among them are details of two withheld dues not recorded either in the main Exon or in Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4719057 1,25 Lifton note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 15,14}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Bulkworthy note); see also }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1,41}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 manor note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . There are a few miscellaneous entries such as those on the appropriation of the whole or part of a manor (see 34,5}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 seized note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 35,4}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 holds note;}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . 42,4}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 held note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1,70}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 land note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) and those where some illegality of ten}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 ure is implied (see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 5,9}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Raddon note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 24,28}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 holds note; 24,29 Shobrooke note) and there is the entry at 500a} {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 4, not mentioned in the main Exon nor in Domesday, about the unclaimed furlong (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ferdinus}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 )}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in Molton Hun}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 dred; }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \{Introduction: Scope of the Notes concerning Exon\}}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . See also those entries referred to in the next paragraph.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Occasionally it is not clear why an entry was made in the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Fo}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 r example, the entry at 506a11 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 merely states that }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The Bishop of Coutances has a manor called (Lower) Creedy which Goda held jointly in 1066. Value 5s}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , unless in this case the scribe meant to include the fact that Lower Creedy belonged to Cruwys Morchard (which the main Exon and Domesday both state, 3,72-73). See also the }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4943655 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 entries relating to Domesday 1,11 (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 1,11 hide note); 2,2 (2,2 Crediton note); }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 2,15}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (2,15 Sidbury note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 13a,2 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (13a2 Swimbridge note) }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 42,10 (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 42,10 Nympton note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ).}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Finally, the case of the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 entry referring to the \'bd virgate added to Eastleigh (}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 19,6), falls in two of the above categories because it was both added and had not paid tax (because concealed).}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 R}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 eference is always made in the Notes }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 to the existence of a }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 entry and in many cases the whole of the entry is given in translation, otherwise only discrepancies or additions are recorded there.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Exon}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 and Great Domesday}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Formulae}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Without altering the sense of the Exon, the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe changed many of }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 its}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 words and formulae }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and condensed not only the material but the elaborate phraseology. For example, for Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 nemus}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 nemusculum }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 pascua }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 he used }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 silua}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 silua minuta }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 pastura}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 for Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 mansio }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 he substituted }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 manerium}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 for }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 quadragenaria}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 quarent}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 e}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 na}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 He changed the lengthy }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ea die qua rex Eduuardus fuit vivus et mortuus }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 on the day on which King Edward was alive and dead}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 that is, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 5th January 1066) to the standard phrase (which is also to be found in Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ; see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 5,6}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 before 1066 note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 T}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 R}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 E}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 tempore regis Eduuardi }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in King Edward}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s time}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , translated }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 before 1066}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . in this edition). The Exon phrase for the plough estimate }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3027214 z}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hides) which }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 y }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ploughs can plough}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 was likewise altered to }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Land for }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 y }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ploughs}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , and Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 reddidit gildum }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 was shortened to }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 geldabat}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 For the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe'}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s alteration of Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 reddit }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 to }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 valet }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in many entries (and occasionally } {\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3027214 vice versa}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ), see 1,32 value note and 2,2 v}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 alue}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . See the specimen of Exon and Domesday at the beginning of this edition for other changes made by the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Exon often omits nouns (as Domesday less often), as in }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 king}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 has 3 ploughs in lordship and the villagers 4}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 where }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 4 ploughs}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 are intended: where Domesday gives the expected noun no attention is generally drawn here to the Exon omission.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Exon regularly abbreviates personal names to the initial letter (for example, }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 B}{\b\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3027214 .}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 for }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Balduinus}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ),}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 gener ally when the name has already occurred in full in the entry. In these Notes the name thus abbreviated is always written, for example, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 B(aldwin)}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , except in the cases of }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 rex E}{\b\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3027214 .}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 rex W}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3027214 .}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (for example, in the phrase }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 quod tenuit rex E}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3027214 .}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 )}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 which are so common that there is no doubt about the}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 full version of the names. }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Exon for Devon rarely states, as Domesday usually does, that the 1086 holder held his manor }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 from the } {\cf1\insrsid11022377 king'}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and references to these }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 omissions}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 are not th}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 erefore made in the Notes}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , but see 51,14 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 holds note }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 for the occasions when the phrase }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 de rege }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 is used in Exon for Devon.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 In the statement }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 the villagers have }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 y }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hides. . . }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 z }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ploughs}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Exon regularly uses the term }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 villani }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in the general sense of the inhabitants of a }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 villa}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 c overing smallholders, Cottagers (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 coscez}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ),}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 cottagers (}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 cotarii}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 )}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 - }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and possibly also other classes of population such }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 as pigmen, salt-workers, etc. - }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 as well as vil}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 lagers in the strict sense; see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1,26}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 pigmen note}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . Often no villagers are mentioned in the holding, just smallholders and slaves (for example,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 for 16,50;90;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 100) and occa}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 sionally just slaves (see 16,6 slaves note also 1,3 slaves note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). However, on several occasions in Exon (though not for Devon) where there are only smallholders and slaves on a manor, the term }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 bordarii }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 takes the place of }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 villani }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in the statement}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 of their land and ploughs; see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 3,63}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 smallholders note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3027214 \par \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Ellis}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Text of Exon and the }{\b\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 VCH Devon}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Translation}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx4680\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Ellis}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 edition of Exon is not as accurate as Farley}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 's one of Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday. Apart from larger errors and omissions, there are numerous occasions when either the transcriber Ralph Barnes (or Ellis}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 ,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or his printer) le}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ft}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 gaps where there are none in the manuscript and vice versa (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 see, for example, }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 40,6}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Godric note), omitted}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 underlini}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ng (indicating deletion) or put}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 it in wrongly (for example,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 see 16,74 paid note 23,12 woodland note; 25,27 Wulfstan note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 34,6}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Tovi note and}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1,52}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 cattle note), positioned}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 inter}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 lineations incorrectly, included}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 parts or all of erased words and figures (see }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 16,121 tax note; 16,121 land note and 16,121 lordship note), omitted}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 transposition signs, etc. There is also inconsistency in the use of dots for material that can no longer be read because the manuscript is faded or damaged, as distinct from their use for erasures. It must be said, however, that many entries in the manuscript are untidy with much erasure, overwriting and correction; also, some of the letters are malformed and misled the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe as well as Mr}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Barnes (for }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3027214 example,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 see 25,20 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Ash note }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and compare }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 24,22 smallholders note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). The scope of this edition prohibits mentioning all but the more important mistakes of Mr Barnes and checking the transcription of all the place-names, though it is worth noting here that 7 out of the 8}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 textual not es on the table of h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred names in the Tax Ret}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 urns and Hundred Lists (see \{Introduction: Hundreds\}}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) concern errors of transcription. Ellis}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 text has misled a number of people, especially in the case of the place-names.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid3027214 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The main Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 returns and the }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3027214 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 are translated }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3027214 VCH Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 i}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 .}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 by O. J. Reichel; where the Exon folios have not survived (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 that is, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 those corresponding to Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 DEV }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 29, 30, 39, 44 and a}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 few entries at the ends of DEV 28 and DEV}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 35), it is the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 text that is translated. The }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 VCH Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 translation is not entirely satisfactory. Although Reichel seems to have looked at the Exon manuscript for the first few entries and possibly for the damaged folios 403a-405b, he appears to have used only Ellis}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 text for the rest and thus reproduced all Barnes}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 errors in transcription. He occasionally gives }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Domesday }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 variants, though his method is inconsistent: at times figure discrepancies are given in brackets, at others it looks as if only the major differences are included (as f or 19,35). Moreover, Reichel does not have a standard policy when dealing with the damaged folios, sometimes giving the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 reading in brackets for what is under the gall, but sometimes merely printing dots instead of reproducing the Domesday, and sometimes making guesses as to the correct reading wi}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 thout mentioning this fact; see }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 19,38}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 entry note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 19,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 39}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 entry note}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 19,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 41}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 entry note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . (Ellis}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 treatment}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 here is inconsistent also, see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 19,32}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 villagers note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .) Again, Reichel varies in his translation of terms and phrases; for example, in the first }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 entry (495 a 1) he translates }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 pariter }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 as }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 independently}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , then three entries later he uses the more usual translation }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in parage}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7896531 VCH Devon}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 , i. }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 pp. 536-537). He also occasionally omits material, such as on p. 433 the pasture and meadow}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 with their measurements at 183b}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 2 (= 6,12). Finally, he sometimes writes the Ex}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 on folio reference in the wrong place in the translation.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 \tab In the Notes quotations are from, and references to, the Exon folios given at the heading of the notes to the relevant Domesday entry, unless otherwise stated. In these quotations th}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 e abbreviated forms of the Latin are extended only where there is no reasonable doubt; elsewhere either the exact form of the abbreviation is reproduced when this seems important (for }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3027214 example,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1,11}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 underwood note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) or an apostrophe is used in place of the abbreviation sign (for }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid3027214 example,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1,11}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 value note}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ).}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\striked1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7896531 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8280\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 The Tax Returns \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 The Tax Returns, or Geld Rolls (Exon folios 65a1-70b1), although now bound up with Exon}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 proper and probably close to it in date, are not for that reason to be considered part of the same survey: there are so many discrepancies of detail that it is difficul t to regard them as strictly contemporary, or as compiled from the same material. The problem of dating and of the relation of the material to Domesday is admirably reviewed by Ann Williams in }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 VCH Dorset}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 , iii. pp. 115-23, and by Darlington in }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 VCH Wiltshire}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 , ii. pp. 174-76. For Galbraith's emphatic view that they date from 1086, see Galbraith, 'Date of the Geld Rolls', and his appendix to Galbraith, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 Making of Domesday Book}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 , pp. 223-30. The survey of the Dorset boroughs in Exon}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 is written in the same gatherin g of parchment as version B of the Wiltshire Tax Returns. This does not date the returns, but shows that one version at least of them and of the main returns in Exon}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 proper were kept together from the beginning. \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8280\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 \tab Tax Returns exist for all five south-weste rn counties and were probably based on lists of tax liability that are now lost but which perhaps also contributed to the substructure of the Domesday Survey. They record the collection of geld at 6s to the hide, and a typical hundredal return begins with the total hidage of that hundred and (in Cornwall, Devon and Somerset) the amount of tax paid; this detail is entered later in the Tax Returns for Wiltshire and Dorset. \par \tab A typical return then names the holders of exempt land (usually the total of an indiv idual fief-holder's lordship in that hundred), and finishes with a schedule of those by whom tax had not been paid; sometimes other details were added. They include some place-names, though only a handful for Devon: Halberton (67a1); Northlew (65a3); Werr ington (65a3 and Winkleigh (68b2). \par \tab However, the principal contribution of the Tax Returns to a study of hundreds lies in the fact that a comparison of holders and hidage with Domesday entries often allows particular Domesday estates to be allotted to parti cular hundreds listed in the Tax Returns. Sometimes it is possible to reconstruct a whole hundred by adding together the hidage of places considered likely to have been in that hundred, before adjusting the list to obtain the stated total. However, while some individual estates can be confidently identified from the detail of the Tax Returns, wholesale reconstructions based on figures alone cannot be considered completely secure. \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 \tab For Devon there are Tax Returns for 31 hundreds, Exon folios 65-71. They were }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 printed by Ellis, }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 Libri Censualis}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 , pp. 59-65, and translated in the Devonshire Association volume,}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 Devonshire Domesday}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 . They were not published or analysed in }{ \i\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 VCH Devon}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4419406 , i., but indivual Tax Returns are tabulated and discussed by Reichel in his various ar ticles on the hundreds of Devon. A reconstruction of the hundreds (unpublished) by F.R.Thorn based on the Tax Returns underpinned the notes concerning places in the Phillimore printed volumes for Devon and the map and indices, as also the 'Hundreds and Wa pentakes' article in the Alecto edition.}{\highlight16\insrsid11022377 }{\insrsid11022377 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8280\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\b\highlight16\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8856\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth639\clshdrawnil \cellx615\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3237\clshdrawnil \cellx3763 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth720\clshdrawnil \cellx4539\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth719\clshdrawnil \cellx5262\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2713\clshdrawnil \cellx7922\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth828\clshdrawnil \cellx8748\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Exon\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx3000\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hides\cell Exon\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl \tx284\tqr\tx4385\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred\cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 { \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hides\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \trowd \irow0\irowband0\ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8856\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth639\clshdrawnil \cellx615\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3237\clshdrawnil \cellx3763 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth720\clshdrawnil \cellx4539\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth719\clshdrawnil \cellx5262\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2713\clshdrawnil \cellx7922\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth828\clshdrawnil \cellx8748\row }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 65a1 \par 65a2 \par 65a3 \par 65a4 \par 65b1 \par 66a1 \par 66a2 \par 66b1 \par 66b2 \par 66b3 \par 67a1 \par 67a2 \par 67a3 \par 67b1 \par 67b2 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx3000\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \cbpat8 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 67b3}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \cell 1 Lifton Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par 2 Hartland Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx3000\tqr\tx4385\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 3 [Black] Torrington Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 4 Fremington Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 5 Merton Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 6 Braunton and Shirwell Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 7 South Molton Hundred \par 8 Crediton Hundred \par 9 [North] Tawton Hundred \par 10 Witheridge Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 11 Tiverton Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 12 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cliston}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 13 Silverton Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 14 Hemyock Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 15 Uffculme Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 16 Budleigh Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tx3000\tqr\tx4406\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \cbpat8 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 { \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 20h \par 20h \par 34\'bdh \par 20h \par 48h \par 50h \par 22h \par 20h \par 42h \par 30h \par 20h \par 27h \par 52h \par 24h \par 14h \par 72h\cell 68a1 \par 68a2 \par 68a3 \par 68b1 \par 68b2 \par 68b2 \par 69a1 \par 69a2 \par 69b1 \par 69b2 \par 69b3 \par 70a1 \par 70a2 \par 70a3 \par 70b1 \par \cell }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tqr\tx4385\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 17 Halberton Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 18 Ottery [St Mary] Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 19 Axminster Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 20 Colyton Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\tqr\tx4406\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 21 Axmouth Hundred \par 22 Bampton Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 23 Exminster Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 24 Teignton Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 25 Kerswell Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 26 Diptford Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 27 Chillington Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 28 Plympton Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 29 Walkhampton Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 30 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ''}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Alleriga}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ''}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 31 Wonford Hundred}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\pararsid8928587\yts17 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \cell 18\'bdh \par 25h \par 50h \par 25h 3v \par 9h 1v \par 25h \par 50h \par 30h \par 50h \par 39h \par 46h \par 25h \par 25h \par 40h \par 54h\cell }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\intbl\aspalpha\aspnum\faauto\adjustright\rin0\lin0 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\lang1033\langfe1033\langnp1033\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \trowd \irow1\irowband1\lastrow \ts17\trgaph108\trleft-108\trbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrh\brdrs\brdrw10 \trbrdrv\brdrs\brdrw10 \trftsWidth3\trwWidth8856\trftsWidthB3\trftsWidthA3\trautofit1\trpaddl108\trpaddr108\trpaddfl3\trpaddft3\trpaddfb3\trpaddfr3\tbllkhdrrows\tbllklastrow\tbllkhdrcols\tbllklastcol \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth639\clshdrawnil \cellx615\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth3237\clshdrawnil \cellx3763 \clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth720\clshdrawnil \cellx4539\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr \brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth719\clshdrawnil \cellx5262\clvertalt\clbrdrt\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth2713\clshdrawnil \cellx7922\clvertalt\clbrdrt \brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrl\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrb\brdrs\brdrw10 \clbrdrr\brdrs\brdrw10 \cltxlrtb\clftsWidth3\clwWidth828\clshdrawnil \cellx8748\row }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8534\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 { \b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par \par \par THE MANUSCRIPT \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7896531 This}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 is written on either side of leaves, or folios, of parchment (sheepskin) measuring about 15 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 inches by 11 inches}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (38}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 centimetres by 28 centimetres}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). On each side, or page, are two columns, making four to each folio. Th}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 e folios were numbered in the seventeenth}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 century and the four columns of each are}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 here lettered a, b, c, d. The m}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 anuscript emphasises words and usually distinguishes chapters and sections by the use of red ink. Underlining in the manuscript indicates deletion.}{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 A study of the manuscript}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 has shown that on the whole Devon is a neatly executed county, particularly when it is compared with Herefordshire for example. The parchment is generally thick and of good quality and, with the exception of the first three folios, is }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 whiter}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 than the yellow, greasy-looking parchment of counties such as Hertfordshire and Buckinghamshire. Both these aspects are reflected in the fewness of Farley}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s errors relative to the size of the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 county}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (22 major ones, compared with more than a dozen in Dorset which is only just over ha}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 lf the size of Devon). Finn, }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid7896531 Liber Exoniensis}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , p. 156,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 enumerates only three postscripts at the foot of columns, two marginal additions and a few mis\- placements, but in fact there are five postscripts (1,45. 3,19. 3,55. 3,75. and 49,7) and four important marginal additions (1,50. 3,6. 16,65. and 48,12) and three minor ones (1,57. 17,9. and 23,6). The }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great Domesday scribe}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 also completely omitted the manor of }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Sotrebroc }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 held by Flohere which is detailed in the large Exon section }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lands of French Men-at-Arms in Devonshire}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 DEV 22 William note)}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , a}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 nd the entry on Werrington (see 5,5 entry note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). Apart from these, there are numerous neatly-e xecuted minor corrections and interlineations of numbers and letters, most of which were done at once (judging by the colour of ink) and which are easily identified in the manuscript. Due to }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 lack of space in the Notes}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , attention is usually only drawn to those occasions when a correction in }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday is paralleled by a similar one in the Exon manuscript. Some entries are inevitably worse than others, for example,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 3,54. 15,62 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 39,15}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (see 3,54 meadow note; 15,62 slave note; 15,62 ploughs note; 15,62 value note. }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Some of the corrections and additions (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 for example }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 16,5}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 held note; 34,46 pasture note;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 48,12}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 entry note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 49,7}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 entry note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) and the marginal }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 pars }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (see 15,47 jointly }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note) are done in much paler ink, probably at a later stage and perhaps as a res ult of checking the Exon manuscript (this is likely to have been the case with 49,7; see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 49,7 entry }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note). In some cases entries were corrected in two stages (for example,}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 see}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 15,79 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 freely note }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 17,13}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 held note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). There are a few gaps left in entries for information not to hand at the time of writing (for example,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 16,175. 35,6. 52,26;}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 30 and perhaps also 15,7) and a certain amount of space is left at the end of some chapters for additional manors to be deta}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 iled if necessary (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1,72 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 entry note }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 13a,3}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 entry note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), as well as aft}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 er the account of Exeter (see C}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 7 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 entry }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note).}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab Despite the general clari}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ty of the scribe's work on the c}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ounty, the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Ordnance Survey facsimile}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 fails to reproduce, or reproduces incorrectly, some letters and signs, sometimes because they are fainter than usual or have become mixed up with the rubrication, but also on many occasions for no apparent reason; these are indicated in the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Notes (see L}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 11 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 mont }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note).}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab With one exception (see below), Devon has four vertical scorings, one down each e dge of the two columns, delimiting them, though it is not always possible in the present binding to see the side one on the inner edges of folios. There are only two horizontal scorings, marking the top and bottom, which are generally visible, but within t hem the number of lines per column varies, even between the two columns on one side of the folio; the average number of lines for Devon, however, is 60, which makes it one of the densest packed counties in Domesday. As the scribe generally used all the sp ace between the two horizontal rulings, the appearance of anything below the bottom marginal ruling indicates that it was a later addition; similarly with the vertical scoring.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \tab The exception to this ruling is on the first folio of the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 county}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 where the bottom half of }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 folio}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 100a is ruled horizontally for the landholders}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 List and where there are four extra vertical scorings, one after the first letter of the landholders in the left column, one before the Chapter numbers in the right-hand landholders}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 column a nd two enclosing the first letters of each of the names in this right-hand column. The normal lef}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 t-hand score falls between the c}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hapter numbers and the first letters of the landh}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 olders in the left column (the c}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hapter numbers 1-26 being in the margin); there may have been a fifth e}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 xtra vertical score before the c}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hapter numbers to match the one before those in the right column, but the binding now obscures it. This additional vertical scoring begins five lines above the top }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 of the List. At the end of the c}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ounty, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 folio }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 118d is scored, though blank, and the whole of folio 119 is blank and not ruled at all.}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8534\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par EDITORIAL \par The Identification of Places \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15796856 In }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 the text of the south-western}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 counties, neither Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday nor Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 includes the h }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 al}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 rubrication that is an important aid to the identification of places. This absence is particularly important in a large county such as Devonshire, where a number of places are named only from the rivers on which they lie, such as }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Clist }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 from the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 River}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Clyst, }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lonmele }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lonmine }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 from the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 River}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lowman, }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Colum }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Colun }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 from the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 River }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Culm, }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Teigne }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Taigne }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 from the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 River }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Teign, }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Otri }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and variants from the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 River}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Otter, and }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Limet }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Nimete }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 from the old name of the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 two Yeo rivers (see Introduction: PLaces named from Rivers\}}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . Moreover, a single Domesday form can represent two o}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 r more places in different h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds or in}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 widely separated parts of the c}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ounty. Thus Domesday }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Wiche }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 will be one of several places called Wick, Week or Wyke; there are two }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 places called Aller}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 represented by }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Alra}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 two }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 called Bickleigh}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 by }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Bichelie}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ;}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Sampford Courtenay and Samp}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ford Spiney are both represented by Domesday }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Sanford }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and there are many places represented by }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Bere }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Bera}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Bocheland}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lege}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cumba}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hele }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Stoche}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Only occasionally does Domesday differentiate places of the same basic name: }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Bovi }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Adonebovi }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (3,}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 8. 17,22); }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Racheneforde }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Litel Racheneford }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid6581030 (16,148. 23,13);}{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Torilande }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Liteltorelande }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (15,16. 34,9);}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lonmine }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Oplomie }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (25,19. 35,16) }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid6581030 and }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Niresse }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Ulpesse }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (3,69-70). All place-names need to be treated with care: thus Alphington and West Alvington happen to have different Domesday forms, but they have the same origin and other evidence, apart from the Domesday form, is needed to distinguish them.}{ \b\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab The absence of h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 al}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 information can in part be made good from the evidence of }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Tax Returns for Devon (foli}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 os 65a-7la); see \{Introduction: The Tax Returns\} where there is a list of the hundreds with their hidages. In this edition, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 it is not intended to in corporate all the information recoverable from the Tax Returns but only that which is needed to support discussion of the text of Domesday and then only when the information is reasonably certain. Since the Tax Returns give the total hidage for each Hundr e d, it is sometimes possible to deduce all the constituent villages of a Hundred simply by adding together the hidage of places considered likely to be in the Hundred, then adjusting the list until the correct total is obtained. But this argument based on t otals only, when there are many discrepancies between the Tax Returns and Domesday and when many villages have the same hidage figures, must be regarded as an unreliable procedure. This is the method adopted by Eyton in his analyses for Somerset and Dorse t (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Eyton, }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid12000321 Somerset Survey}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ; Eyton, }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid12000321 Dorset Survey}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). It is wisely avoided by Reichel, but even so he is sometimes careless, sometimes excessively ingenious, and sometimes he employs mere guesswork in his identification of hidage figures with places.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{ \striked1\insrsid11022377\charrsid12000321 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 A secon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15020153 dary source of place-name identification from within Great Domesday and particularly}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 the }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Exon Domesday returns themselves is the order in which places are entered in each fief. In some counties where the text of Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 has full h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undredal rubrication, lands are found to be en}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 tered in a consistent order of h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds within each chapter, probably as the scribe rearranged into fiefs information that was first }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 returned, or later checked, by h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds; se}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 e Sawyer, 'Original Returns'}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . Among the south-west counties, Cornwall, Devon and Somerset}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 show a consistent sequence of h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds within each chapter in the order in which material is arranged in the Exon Domesday. Moreover, in Somerset, the sequence is the same as that of }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 one of two }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 list}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 s of h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds included among the folios of Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (folios 64a,b; see SOM \{Introduction: Hundreds\}). S}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 imilarly, in Devon the sequence is that of the second list found on fo}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 lio 63a, with the proviso that h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds are sometimes entered in groups rather than one following another i}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 n strict order (see \{Introduction: Hundreds\}}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ).}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Where the order of Exon differs from that of }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , as for example in DEV }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1, 3, 15 and 52 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 or in the treatment of DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 8-13a, it is the Exon order that clearly preserves a standard sequenc}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 e of h}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds. The process of condensing Exon into }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday afforded the chance to rearra}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 nge some material: thus DEV}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1 and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 15 were reconstructed on different lines (s}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ee DEV 1 king note and DEV 15 count note); DEV}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 52 was rearranged by subtenants; the lands of Walter of Claville were separated from those of Gotshelm to form the separate chapters }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 24-25; the }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lands of the Churches that have been gi}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ven to the Saints in Alms' (DEV}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 8-13a), the Lands}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 of the French Men-at-Arms (DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 22 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 William }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note), of the King}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s Servants}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 (DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 51 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 servants }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note)}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 and of the English Thanes (DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 52 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 thanes }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note) were completely reorganised and this destr}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 oyed or distorted the original h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undredal sequence.}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab In the Notes }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 it is thus the order of Exon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 that is cited to indicate the h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred in w hich a place lay in 1086; in most chapters the sequence is given in an introductory note. Although the order is not without o}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ccasional obscurities (see DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 19}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 William note; DEV 34 Ralph note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), if a pla}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ce apparently belonging to one h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred falls within a g roup of places belonging to another, there is a strong presumption that either the place has been incorrectly identified or that a minor adjustment has be}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 en made to the boundary of the h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred since 1086; such cases are examined in individual notes and an overa}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ll summary given in \{Introduction: Hundreds\}}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Total and secure identification of places, which is so vital for any serious study of the text of Domesday, is a long and complex task. First the editor must satisfy himself that the evolution of the plac e-name from the Domesday form to its modern-day form is credible and that there are enough intermediate fo}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 rms to prove it. Then the 1086 h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred must be established in order to distinguish this place from others of t}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 he same name, elsewhere in the c}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ounty. T hen the identification must be clinched by a study of genealogy and manorial descent: thus a place held by Baldwin the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4998218 sheriff}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in 1086 should later be found held by the Honour of Okehampton; a place held by Bretel under the Count of Mortain should reappear in the Honour of Ashill. Study of later documents }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 will often confirm the 1086 h}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred and give the extent and the sub-manors of the Domesday holding. Lastly, the details of Domesday, such as lands added or taken away, mills, fisheries, salt-workings, etc. , must be harmonised with the identification.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Much of this task is outside the scope of this edition and must await the work of other scholars: a full revision of}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 the elderly and unreliable English Place-Name Society volumes (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11555023 Place-Names of Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , i.-ii.) }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 would be needed in order to eradicate the many errors and omissions and allow a modern treatment of major names, and a fuller treatment of minor, and field, names; it is to be hoped that some day the indices of the }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Book of Fees}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , and of the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Feudal Aids}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 will be revised, and the appearance of further }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 volumes of }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 VCH Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 studying the county h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred by }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred and manor by manor will trace the descent of each Domesday holding, give greater exactness to old identifications and correct others. An editor for this }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 county}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 feels less secure using the tools currently available to him than one who has to hand the Dorset place-name volumes of A. D. Mills or the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11555023 VCH Somerset}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 volumes edited by }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Dr. Dunning.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Nonetheless, the publication of }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 VCH Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , i.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in 1906 marked an important stage in the identification of Domesday places. The Devonshire Association had published between 1884 and 1892 an extended text of Exon Domesday and of the Tax Returns, together with a translation, the former unfortunately rearranged to follo w}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 the order of Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Book order; this had stimulated a number of Devonshire scholars and antiquarians, among them R. N. Worth, the Reverend T. W. Whale and the Reverend O. J. Reichel, to study}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 a number of aspects of Domesday}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , including the place-names. Worth}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s superficial study (}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11555023 Worth, }{\insrsid11022377 '}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid11555023 Domesday Manors of Devon}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid11555023 , }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11555023 1893}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) provoked Wh}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ale and Reichel to analyse the h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undredal arrangement of Exon }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 and to publish articles on the h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds, the identifications of many places and on some of the major documents needed to follow the descent of Domesday manors during the next centuries. Reichel included Whale}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s identifications in }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 VCH Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , i.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 where there was disagreement, but the former is more usually correct and it is to him that are due all the durable identifications of Domesday places. Although the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11555023 Domesday Gazetteer }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (1975) made a number of new proposals, there has been no full-scale study of the place-names since the publication of }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 VCH Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , the }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 two volumes of the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11555023 Place-Names of Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 being largely based on Reichel}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s work.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Reichel continued to publish articles reconstructing the 1086 Hundreds and following the history of manors, and also prepared a number of surveys that the Devonshire Association had not the means to publish during his lifetime; these appea red as ten supplementary volumes plus a cumulative index after}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 his death, surveying eighteen h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds in great detail and with a sound command of his material.}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Reichel}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s work is formidable in bulk and in detail and is still regarded as an authoritative so urce. But it must be used with caution. Some of his theories about the making of Domesday have been superseded and the work on individual identifications is very uneven: the early studies (for example those of Hartland}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Hundred}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and North Tawton and Witheridge Hundreds) use unreliable secondary sources, are poor in detail and method, and were never revised; but later work is often based on this insecure material. Throughout Reichel}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s work, his handling of place-name forms is frequently careless and unsound, w ith the result that many of his identifications cannot in fact be derived from the Domesday forms which he cites. Assumption and assertion, rather than conclusive evidence, play a major part in some of his identifications, especially of the unnamed subdiv isions of Domesday holdings; moreover, in attempting to identify every entry in the }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Book of Fees}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , with a named Domesday counterpart, he ignores t he fact that many represent unnamed subdivisions of named Domesday lands or are later subinfeudations; and that many Domesday lands are not later held by knight-service and so do not appear in feudal lists. This leads him to over-hasty identifications whe re other evidence is lacking.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Much work remains to be done to trace the evolution of place-names and the descent of manors in Devon. Meanwhile, the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Notes}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 to this volume, while they do not claim to be exhaustive, are intended to offer enough later information from selected sources to support identifications that might reasonably have been questioned, and to show where further research is needed.}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 A number of adjacent modern settlements in Devon, now distinguished by affixes such as }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 East}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 West}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Upper}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lower}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , share the same Domesday place-name form. The existence of separate, but nearby, villages is rarely evidenced in Devon Domesday and such places are not normally distinguished in the translation}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 .}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Where later evidence enables these modern separate villages to be traced from individual Domesday holdings, this fac}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 t is recorded in the Notes}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 On the other hand, to avoid confusion, affixes are included where two places of the same basic name}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 are in different parts of the county, or in different h}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds. Thus South Milton appears in order to distinguish it from the distant Milton Abbot and Milton Damerel; East Putford and West Putford are adjacent but distinguished}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 because they lie in different h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undreds, but the adjacent villages of East }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Hagginton }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and West Hagginton appear simply as Hagginton.}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 A number of identifications in this edition differ from those of }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 VCH Devon}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , i. or }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday Gazetteer}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Such discrepancies are recorded in the Notes.}{\striked1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11555023 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par Places named from Rivers \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Many places in Devonshire are named from the rivers on whose banks they stand; among places mentioned in Domesday are those called after the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 River }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Axe, the Bovey, the Clyst, the Coly, the Creedy, the Culm, the Dart and Little Dart, the Exe, the Lyme, the Lowman, the Lyd, the Meavy, the Otter, the Plym, the Sid, the Tamar, the Tavy, the Taw, the Teign, the Torridge and the two rivers called }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Nymet}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , now the Mole and the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 River }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Yeo, tributary to the }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 River }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Taw. Where places had at first the same basic name, a process of differentiation by prefix, suffix and the addition of separate names from people, churches and other nearby places produces the modern distinct forms. This process had already begun in 1086: thus }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Alseministre }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Axeministre }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 distinguishes Axminster from }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Alsemude}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Axmouth; }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Adonebovi}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 now LittleBovey, separates one place from two simply called }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Bovi}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ;}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Colitone }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (Cullompton) and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Culmestoche }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (Culmstock) stand out from several places simply called }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Colun }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Colum}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ;}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Sideberie }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (Sidbury) }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Sedemude }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (Sidmouth) }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 are distinguished from each other, as is }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Oplomie }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (Uplowman) from places called }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lonmele}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lonmine}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ;}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Taincome }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (Teigncombe) stands apart from two places called }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Teintone }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Tantone }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and several called }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Teigne }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Taigne}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 This process continued after Domesday, producing North Bovey and Bovey Tracey, Culm Davy and Culm Pyne, Mary Tavy and Peter Tavy, North}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Tawton}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , South }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 tawton }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and Bishops Tawton, Teigngrace and Teignharvey as well as Kings }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Teignton }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and Bishops Teignton, Black}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Torrington}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , Great }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Torrington }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and Little Torrington and Uplyme (Domesday }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lim}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 )}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 to distinguish it from Lyme Regis at the river mouth in Dorset. In some cases, completely different forms have displaced the original river names; thus besides Godameavy and Hoo Meavy, Gratton and Lovaton appear to have been named from the }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 River}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Meavy in }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11682145 1086 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 see 17,79 Meavy note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 and 29,9 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Meavy }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 n}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ote}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ).}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx9370\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 In the case of four rivers the problems of identification are made more complex by the large numbers of places that had the same Domesday form. There are similar examples in Domesday Wiltshire, and especially in Dorset:}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 River Clyst}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx821\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 River }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Clyst rise}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 s near Broadhembury in what was Silverton (later Hayridge) Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , passes through }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cliston}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 , touches Wonford Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , then reaches the estuary of the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 River Exe through [East] Budleigh Hundred}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . Domesday Book itself distinguishes }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Clistone}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 now Broad Clyst, and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Clisewic}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 new Clyst St George, but the other }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 places called 'Clist' have to be identified from h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 al}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 order and later evidence. The upper reach o f the river is marked by Clyst William (form Old English }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377 \'e6}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 wielm }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 river-spring}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) in Plymtree parish, Hayridge Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (the successor to Silverton Hundred)}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . In }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Cliston}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred the river passes through Clyst Hydon, Clyst St Lawrence, Clyst Gerred, Ashclyst, Broad Clyst and West Clyst, which last lay in Wonford Hundred in 1086. Sowton, also in Wonford Hundred, was formerly called Clyst Fomison. In }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 [East] }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Budleigh Hundred, the river flows through Clyst St Mary, then through Clyst St George.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 River Nymet, now the }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 River }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Yeo and }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 River }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Mole}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 This }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 River }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Yeo is a tributary of the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 River }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Mole and the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 River }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Mole of the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 River }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Taw: both the former seem to have been called }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Nymet}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in 1086. Domesday appears to distinguish two places called }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Nimetone }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (now Bis hops Nympton and Kings Nympton) from two called }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Nimete}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ;}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 but Bishops Nympton continued to be }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 called }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Bysshopes Nymet }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 from time to time and Kings Nympton shows the same alternation of forms. The }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 places called Nympton lie}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 south of the river in }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 what was Witheridge Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ; on the north }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 side in South Molton Hundred}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 George Nympton was }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Nimete }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in 1086, and }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Nymet Sancti Georgii }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Nymet Georgii }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 until the fourteenth}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 century. The name }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Nimete }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Limet }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 also appears to have applied to a portion of Satterleigh and Warkleigh parishes where other names have }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 now replaced that of the river; see }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1,41 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Blackpool note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 River Nymet, now the Yeo}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Another Yeo feeds into the Taw and Domesday records ten places, all simply }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Limet }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Nimet } {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 from its former name. They present some difficulties of identification since all lay in the same Hundred, [North] Tawton, and four are held by the same man, Baldwin. It seems likely that apart from Broadnymett, Nichols Nymet, Nymet Row land and Nymet Tracey (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 alias }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Bow) which preserve the name, Burston, Hampson, Natson, Walson, Wolfin and Zeal Monachorum were also called from the river in 1086.}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par \tab }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 River Otter}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 This river rises on the southern side of the Blackdown Hills where Churchstanton parish (formerly in Devon) abuts Otterford (in Somerset). It passes through the Hundreds o}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 f Axminster, Hemyock} {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , Ottery St}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Mary and [East] Budleigh}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 . With the exception of }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Otritone }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (Otterton), all twelve places were called plain }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Otri}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Otrit }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Oteri }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in 1086. Names of different origins have replaced several; thus in Axminster Hundred the river passes through Upottery, Mohuns Ottery and Combe Raleigh (}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Otri}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ,}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 see 23,21);next comes Ivedon (a detached part of Tiverton Hundred), Weston or Waringstone (in Hemyock Hundred) named from the 1086 holder }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Warin }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 and Rapshays (in [East]}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Budleigh Hundred) which were all }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Ottery}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in 1086. The river then passes through the ecclesiastica}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 l h}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 undred named from Ottery St Mary, then descends throug}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 h Dotton and Otterton, both in [East]}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Budleigh Hundred, to the sea.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 A masterly discussion of the Devon river-name}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 s is to be found in Ekwall, }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid5196311 English River Names}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\b\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par Unnamed and Omitted Holdings}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 The few main holdings for which place-names have not been included by Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 are found at 3,32;71. 24,22. 29,10. 34,57. 51,4. 52,30. However, }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 it is evident that Domesday does not include all the places that existed in the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 county}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in 1086. Its normal practice is to name one manor, large or small, and leave the individual members, villages, hamlets, sub-manors or }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4998218 subholding}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 s unspecified, their resources and values being included under the main holding. Thus, as explained in the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Notes}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , hol}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 dings such as 1,34 Chillington (}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 7 hides}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ), 2,2 Crediton (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 15 hides}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ), and 5,1 Tavistock (3 \'bd }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hides}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 )} {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , included a number of other places which late}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 r evidence can often identify. }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Conversely some Domesday named }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 manors}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 are in practice so small that they can scarcely have been independent units; later evidence often shows them as part of larger manors.}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 \par \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Where documents survive that represent stages of the Domesday }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Enquiry}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 earlier than Exon, they suggest that considerably more detail, including the names of sub-manors and lower levels of subtenancies, was collected than was actually used in the finished volu}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 mes (see WOR \{Appendix\}}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). Sometimes this information seems to have escaped the process of revision and pruning, as in 3,8 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Bovey Tracey}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 )}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 , where }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domes day names nine added lands. In two cases, Exon Domesday includes this information although it has been eliminated by the abbreviation which produced }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday. Thus Battishill, Combebowe, Ebsworthy, Fernworthy, Kersford and Way are named as added to B ridestowe (16,7), and Burntown, Warne and Wringworthy to Mary Tavy (17,13). Exon also names Boode, part of Braunton (3,32), and includes two whole entries omitted from Domesday. That for Werrington ent}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ered under Tavistock Abbey (DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 5 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Tavistock note; see 5,5 entry note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) may have been excluded as the land had been awarded to the }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 king}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 by the D}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 omesday Commissioners (1,50 Werrington note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), but }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Sotrebroc }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Shutbrook}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 or }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Floyers Hayes}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ) seems to have been missed when the complex section called }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Lands of the French Men-at-Arms in Devonshire}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 was divid}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ed into individual fiefs (see DEV 22 William note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). Both Exon Domesday and the }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 sometimes notice a customary due which }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday passes over, and the }{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Terrae Occupatae }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 names a few places otherwise unrecorded: }{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Esseorda }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 added to Silverton (DEV }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 44}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Hervey note and }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 1,7 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Silverton note}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ), Chaffcombe (2,2 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Crediton }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note), Widefie}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ld (39,6 Curworthy note) and Whitley (DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 44 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Hervey }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note), and refers to an unnamed 1 furlong (}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ferdinus}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 )}{\i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 in}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Molton}{ \i\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Hundred which is waste and claimed by no o}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ne (500a4; see \{Introduction: }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid12649911 Scope of the Notes concerning Exon}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377 \}}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 ). Neither Exon nor }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Great}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Domesday is entirely complete. Just as, in Somerset, a holding of Shaftesbury Abbey evidenced in the Somerset Tax Returns is nowhere to be found in Domesday, so the Devon Tax Returns and later evidence suggest that the fie}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 f of the wife of Hervey of Hell\'e9}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 an was more extensive than recorded in Domesday}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 (DEV }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 44 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Hervey }{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note) and that the Priests of Exminster held}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \'bd }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 hide in Exminster Hundred (1,4 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Exminster }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note).}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \tab }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 Finally, neither Exmoor nor Dartmoor is mentioned in Domesday. The latter was appurtenant to Lydford (1,2 }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Lydford }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 note) for administrative purposes and its presence can be felt in the references to wild mares and to moor, or waste, on the manors that lay around its perimeter.}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx710\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8534\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\b\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 State of Revision}{\b\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 \par }\pard\plain \s16\ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 The Phillimore edition of }{\insrsid11022377 Devon was published in 1985 in two volumes}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 . The translation was drafted by Caroline Thorn}{\insrsid11022377 and Agnes O'Driscoll}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 , the maps were the work of Frank Thorn }{ \insrsid11022377 and Jim Hardy and }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 the volume was edited by Caroline and Frank Thorn. \par }{\insrsid11022377 \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 In their research the editors had incurred a number of debts to others which they acknowledged as follows:}{\insrsid11022377 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 \par }{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 The editors are again deeply grateful for the support and help, bo}{\insrsid11022377 th large and small, of John McN}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Dodgson who is seeing this series through the press, Staff at the Public Record Office, Chancery Lane, and especially Mr R. Hunniset}{\insrsid11022377 t, Miss Margaret Condon and Mrs}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 E. Hallam-Smith, have been unfailingly helpful in allowing Caroline Thorn to consult the manuscript of }{\insrsid11022377 Great}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Domesday, w}{\insrsid11022377 hile Mrs Audrey Erskine and Mr}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Peter Thomas have provided a welcome at the Cathedral Library, Exeter, where the Exon Domesday is housed. Mr J.D. Foy has undertaken the arduous task of checking translations and indices and compa}{\insrsid11022377 ring the Exon and the Great Domesday }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 entries with never-failing promptness and good humour. He has also made several helpful suggestions and consulted various sources for the editors.}{\insrsid11022377 Mrs Angela Cartwright and Mrs}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Jenny Porter have laboured heroically to type No}{\insrsid11022377 tes at short notice, as has Mrs}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Pauline Newton to typeset}{\insrsid11022377 the whole volume. Finally, Mrs}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Frances Gardner has kindly provided material for the note on }{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Beer}{\insrsid11022377 ' (16,174) and Mrs}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Mary A.}{\insrsid11022377 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Jordan for that on }{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Guscott}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 (16,13). \par }\pard\plain \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8460\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 \fs24\lang2057\langfe1033\cgrid\langnp2057\langfenp1033 {\insrsid11022377 \par }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 John Morris, the originator and first editor of the series had died in 1977 and the subsequent volumes in the series were brought out under the supervision of John McN. Dodgson and Alison Hawkins. A note at the end of the Introduction said: }{ \insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 At the time of Dr Morris}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 s death in June 1977, he had completed volumes 2 [Sussex], 3 [Surrey], 11 [Middlesex], 12 [Hertfordshire], 19 [Huntingdonshire], 23 [Warwickshire], 24 [Staffordshire]. He had more or less finished the preparation of volumes 13 [Buckinghamshire ], 14 [Oxfordshire], 20 [Bedfordshire], 28 [Nottinghamshire]. These and subsequent volumes in the series were brought out under the supervision of John Dodgson and Alison Hawkins, who have endeavoured to follow, as far as possible, the editorial principle s established by John Morris}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 . The preparation of the volume was greatly assisted by a generous grant from the Leverhulme Trust Fund. \par \par }{\insrsid11022377 Devon is}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 the most heavily-annotated volume in the Phillimore series}{\insrsid11022377 , with just under a volume of Latin text and translation and just over a volume of }{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid14878806 similar size for notes. Nonetheless it would benefit from a revision because of its editors' further twenty-two years of study (not least on the manuscripts of Great Domesday and the }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid14878806 Liber Exoniensis}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid14878806 , on their scribes and the discovery of the work of the correcting scribe (scribe B) in Great Domesday) and the appearance of a number of important books and articles. As a result some of the statements in the Notes are not entirely accurate or would ben efit from further elucidation. The editors intend to undertake such a revision in due course. }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14878806 The present edition is part of a project to convert the annotation of the Phillimore printed volumes to electronic form and to revise them. Because of the quantit y of the Notes in the Phillimore printed edition, the merging of the General Notes and Exon. Notes (see below) and the timescale of the current project it has not proved possible to revise this county to the same standard as the other counties of Great Do mesday; in particular the multitude of cross-references between the two sets of notes has not been fully checked and there may be errors in punctuation. However, a limited number of changes have been made to the printed notes: \par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022377\charrsid14878806 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx284\jclisttab\tx720\tx8460\tx8640\faauto\ls127\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid14878806 The }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid14878806 Appendix I ('The Devonshire Hundreds') has been}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 incorporated in}{\insrsid11022377 the Introduction}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 }{\insrsid11022377 (}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 \{Introduction: Hundreds\}}{\insrsid11022377 ). That note on the hundreds }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 has been left essentially }{\insrsid11022377 as it was when published in 1985}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 . John Morris, the general editor, had taken the view that, because of the lack of hundred heads in the text of any of the south-western counties, the }{\insrsid11022377 '}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 later}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 hundreds should be used for the purposes of mapping and indexing. The note did indicate, however, where }{\insrsid11022377 Great }{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Domesday, Exon and the Tax Returns showed that the hundreds contained different places. F.R. Thorn}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 s work for the Alecto edition of }{\insrsid11022377 Devon}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 (Thorn, }{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Hundreds and Wapentakes}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 , }{\i\insrsid11022377 Devonshire }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Domesday} {\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 , pp. }{\insrsid11022377 26-42}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 ,}{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 and map) showed that it was possible to reconstitute the 1086 hundreds practically in their entirety. That article remains the most up-to-date treatment of the question until the present note is fully revised.}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid11286040 \par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022377 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}{\insrsid11022377 The two sets of notes (General Notes and}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 }{\insrsid11022377 Exon. Notes}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 ) have been merged into a single sequence. The introductory section to the Exon}{\insrsid11022377 .}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Notes (}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Exon. Extra Information and Discrepancies with DB}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 ) now appears in \{Introduction: Exon Extra Information}{\insrsid11022377 and}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid3344962 Discrepancies\}. The}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 introductory section to the Places Notes}{\insrsid11022377 }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 is now in \{Introductio}{\insrsid11022377 n: T}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 he Identification of Places\}. The contents of the tabulation of the differences in the identification of places between }{\i\insrsid11022377 VCH Devon}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 , i, }{\i\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Domesday Gazetteer}{ \insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 and the Phillimore printed edi}{\insrsid11022377 tion }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 has now been divided into individual notes. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}The two Exon tables (Table L: }{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Details of Lordship and Villagers}{ \insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Land and Ploughs omitted in DB and given in Exon}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 ; Table D: }{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Details of Holdings omitted in DB and given in Exon}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 ) have been placed in \{Appendix: Details of Lordship and Villagers}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 Land and Ploughs omitted in DB and given in Exon}{\insrsid11022377 '}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 \} and \{Appendix: Details of Holdings omitted in DB and given in Exon \}; cross-references to these in the notes are to \{Appendix:}{\insrsid11022377 Lordship and Villagers' Table\} and \{Appendix: Details Table\}}{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 . \par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx284\jclisttab\tx720\tx8640\faauto\ls127\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 { \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 The translation of some terms has been brought into line with those of the series as a whole. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}}\pard \ql \fi-360\li720\ri0\nowidctlpar\tx284\jclisttab\tx720\tx8460\tx8640\faauto\ls127\rin0\lin720\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 The bibliographical and other conventions have been changed to align them with the other counties that have been revised for the current project. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}Certain changes have been necessary in the conversion of the notes to a searchable electronic versi on, such as to the lead words for the notes, to cross-references and to punctuation. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab} The form of the hundred names has been standardized so as to distinguish between those units that are named from places still extant and those that are not. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}A number of the forms of personal names have been changed as part of a}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 n ongoing}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 process to bring more consistency to the entire name stock of Domesday Book. \par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}Some of the people have been further identified. When the identification comes from the person}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 '}{ \cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 s occurrenc e in other documents or in other Domesday counties, this is shown in the translation between asterisks within square brackets. Where there is no documentary evidence for the identity of an individual, but it seems likely that a number of persons with the same first name are one and the same, this has been indicated in the translation by putting the name of one of the estates held by that person between < >. In this county }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 some of }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 the notes to justify both these forms of identification}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 have been}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 written by}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 John Palmer and these have been attributed to him as (}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 JP}{\cf1\insrsid11022377 ) put at the end of his paragraph}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 . \par {\listtext\pard\plain\f3\cf1\lang2057\langfe1033\langnp2057\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 \loch\af3\dbch\af0\hich\f3 \'b7\tab}Obvious typographical errors }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 in the Phillimore printed notes }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 have been corrected. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8460\tx8640\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 \par In the Phillimore printed volume, translations and annotation were provided for those places that lay outside }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 Devon }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 in 1086 but which were subsequently transferred to it. These places are tabulated here in \{Introduction: The County Boundary\}; for translation and notes, now see the counties concerned. \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx8640\tx11117\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 \par Caroline Thorn \par Frank Thorn \par }{\insrsid11022377 May }{\insrsid11022377\charrsid4265248 2007 \par }\pard \ql \li0\ri0\widctlpar\tx284\tx710\nooverflow\faroman\rin0\lin0\itap0\pararsid11022377 \cbpat8 {\cf1\insrsid11022377 June 2007}{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377 \par }{\cf1\insrsid11022377\charrsid15814411 \par }}